| A | B |
|---|
| Hyksos | nomadic invaders who ruled Egypt from 1640 - 1570 BC |
| New Kingdom | after overthrowing the Hyksos, the pharaohs here sought to strengthen Egypt by building an empire |
| Hatshepsut | she boldly declared herslef pharaoh and took over the New Kingdom because her stepson, the male heir to the throne, was not old enough to rule |
| Thutmose II | warlike ruler who may have murdered his stepmother Hatshepsut |
| Nubia | a region of Africa that straddled the Nile river |
| Ramses II | an Egyptian pharaoh who made a treaty with a Hittite king that promised peace and brotherhood between them forever, it lasted for teh rest of the century |
| Kush | Nubian kingdom that was dominated by Egypt for about 1000 years |
| Piankhi | Kushite king who led an army down the Nile and overthrew the Libyan dynast that had ruled Egypt for over 200 years |
| Meroe | after being defeated by the Assyrians, the Kushite king moved the royal family to this area |
| Assyria | empitre that had a sophisiticated military organization and state of the art weaponry |
| Sennacherib | Assyrian king who bragged that he had burned Babylon |
| Nineveh | Assyrian capital |
| Nebuchadnezzar | Chaledean king who restored Babylon |
| Cyrus | a Persian king who began his conquest of several neighboring kingdoms in Iran |
| Cambyses | Cryus's son who extended the Persian Empire by conquering Egypt |
| Darius | Cambyses's successor, who established an unusually efficient and well organized administration |
| satrap | governor in the Persian Empire put in place by Darius |
| Royal Road | famous part of the Persian Empire that ran from Susa in Persia to Sardis in Anatolia |
| Zoroaster | Persian prophet and religious reformer who offered an answer as to why should so much suffering and chaos exist in the world |
| Confucius | China's most influential scholar |
| filal piety | respect for their parents and elders |
| bureaucracy | a trained civil service |
| Daoism | philosophy of Laozi that was in search of knoledge and understanding fo nature |
| Legalism | believers of this taught that a ruler should provide rich rewards for people who carried out their duties well |
| yin and yang | two powers that together represented the natural rhythms of life |
| Qin Dynasty | short lived dynasty that replaced the Zhou Dynasty in the third century BC |
| Shi Huangdi | first emperor of the Qin Dynasty who, through conquering invaders was able to double the size of China |
| autocracy | a government in which the ruler has unlimited power and uses it in an arbitrary manner |
