| A | B |
|---|
| Natural Texas and Its People Era | It defines a time for study of both geographic causes and historical effects on Texas history. |
| Native Americans clothing | adapted to the land and used their environment to meet their needs - using animals to make clothing, shelter and to provide food; using rocks, stones, etc for shelter and tools - they had great respect for the environment and protected the natural resources, only used what they needed |
| Missions include church | include church, Indian living quarters, school, granary and workplaces for the main purpose of converting the Native Americans to Christianity and to claim land for Spain - negative side effects: disease killed many Native Americans- Indians were suspicious of the missions - |
| Presidios | forts built to protect missions |
| Pineda | maps the coastline of Texas in 1519 |
| Philip Nolan | Filibuster, Mustang Trader, and Rumored to be an American spy against Spain |
| Mission Timeline | Corpus Christi de Ysleta founded in ; East Texas missions moved to San Antonio in ; La Bahia Mission moved from Guadalupe River to Goliad in |
| Explorer Timeline | Pineda maps Texas coastline in 1519; Cabeza de Vaca reports on Texas in ; La Salle built Fort St. Louis in Rene-Robert Cavalier Sieur de La Salle - shipwrecked in Matagorda Bay while trying to find the mouth of the Mississippi River (was 400 miles away from it); built Fort St. Louis |
| Moses Austin, Stephen F. Austin and Martin de Leon | were empresarios who helped settle Texas with land grants |
| Francisco Hidalgo | in charge of San Francisco de los Tejas, moved to San Antonio de Valero in 1719, resigned from the mission and asked permission to work with the Apaches, his request was denied, he planted the seeds of Mexican independence from Spain, he retired to San Juan Bautista where he died |
| Father Damian Massanet | joined Alonso de Leon on expeditions into East Texas; found the remains of Fort St. Louis; told stories of encounters with the American Indian tribes worked to establish missions to convert the Tejas Indians |
| Hernando de Soto | traveled across Texas and other parts of the Americas to find gold for Spain |
| San Antonio de Valero | largest and most successful city in Texas founded in 1718 |
| Methods of Settlement | Spanish primarily built missions and trading posts while the Anglo settlements were permanent ranches and farms from land grants. |
| Reasons for Colonization of Texas | Spanish wanted to protect their land and the Anglos wanted cheap land offered by the empresarios |
| Grito de Delores | Mexican Declaration of Independence from Spain |
| San Antonio Missions | 5 missions (built or moved to) San Antonio de Valero because it was the half way point between Spanish Mexico and East Texas - for rest and supplies |
| Jose de Escandon | military leader, governor, founded Laredo, leader of Spain's expansion efforts into South Texas, settled the land between the Rio Grande River and Nueces River by bringing in settlers. |
| 1821 | Mexico gained its independence from Spain |
| Era of European Exploration | 1600 - Spanish and French explorers traveling throughout North and South America looking for gold |
| Cabeza de Vaca | shipwrecked near Galveston - looking for El Dorado (city of gold); lived with Karankawas as a slave for six years until he saved the life of the chief, then he was made a shaman and escaped; wrote Relacion, which told the tale of the seven cities of Cibola (also of gold) |
| Spanish Colonial Era | 1600-1700 - Missions were built to establish Spanish land claims - the Spanish are the first to settle Texas |
