| A | B |
|---|
| Desert | Little vegetation, cactus, shrubs, and small trees. Located in a latitude regions |
| Tundra | No trees and covered with moss and small shrubs. Located in high latitude regions. |
| Coniferous Forest / Taiga / Alpine | Tall pine trees and grassland. Located in middle latitude regions. |
| Tropical Rainforest | It has 3 layers of vegetation. Tall trees form the canopy, with many other plants and vines covering the forest floor. Located in low latitude regions. |
| Temperate Rainforest / Deciduous Forest | Deciduous trees that shed their leaves. Located in middle latitude regions. |
| Prairie / Grassland | Flat plains of grassland, flowers, and herbs. Located in the middle latitude regions. |
| Savanna | Grassland with shrubs and isolated trees . Located in low latitude regions. |
| Hurricane - Regions | Caribbean islands, southeast coastal United States |
| Hurricane - Causes | warm-air currents meeting cold air currents over warm water |
| Hurricane - Effects | high winds; heavy rains; storm surges |
| Hurricane - Adaptations | huricane warning systems; boarding up homes; evacuation; homes on stilts |
| Flood - Regions | Any low lying area or coastal area |
| Flood - Causes | Long, heavy rains or sudden snow thawing |
| Flood - Effects | Water damage to property, erosion of coastlines and river banks |
| Flood - Adaptations | Houses on stilts, sandbagging, of river banks, evacuation |
| Tornado - Regions | Central United States "Tornado Alley" |
| Tornado - Causes | Warm and cold air currents meeting over land; can be caused by hurricane or thunderstorm |
| Tornado - Effects | Funnel-shaped wind cloud with very fast winds; can move fast or slow |
| Tornado - Adaptations | Going to low ground (a cellar) or a safe roomm; evacuation |
| Blizzard - Regions | Middle to high latitudes (north and south |
| Blizzard - Causes | High-pressure system that brings snow followed by a low-pressure system that brings wind |
| Blizzard - Effects | Strong winds; high drifts of snow; heavy snowfall can occur |
| Blizzard - Adaptations | Shovels, bags of salt, and snow blowers ready, remaining inside during blizzards |
| Wildfire - Regions | Dry areas with forest or scrub vegetation |
| Wildfire - Causes | Sometimes lightning; more often human carelessness |
| Wildfire - Effects | Scorched earth, destruction of homes, wildlife, and vegetation; dense smoke |
| Wildfire - Adaptations | Use fire-resistant building materials, evacuations |
| Drought - Regions | Anywhere, especially areas around deserts |
| Drought - Causes | Lack of rainfall for extended periods of time |
| Drought - Effects | Destruction of crops; lack of food for people and wildlife; cracked earth; dust storms |
| Drought - Adaptation | Irrigation systems; food aid from other countries; water rationing |
| Tsunami - Regions | Ocean and coastal areas |
| Tsunami - Causes | Underwater disturbance like earthquake, volcano eruption, or mudslide |
| Tsunami - Effects | Huge waves that destroy coastal areas; erosion of coast; heavy flooding |
| Tsunami - Adaptations | Tsunami warning system; evacuation - head inland for higher ground |
| Earthquake - Regions | Along faulting plate boundaries |
| Earthquake - Causes | Faulting (two plates sliding past each other) |
| Earthquake - Effects | Ground shaking; building collapse; cracks in the earth opening up; tsunami |
| Earthquake - Adaptations | Building built to prevent damage (springs, rollers); staying put; getting under solid cover |
| Volcano - Regions | Areas near subducting plates; the Pacific "Ring of Fire" |
| Volcano - Causes | Subducting (one plate sliding under another) or diverging (plates moving away from each other) |
| Volcano - Effects | hot liquid lava and ash; explosion of rocks; fires, mudslides, earthquakes, tsunamis |
| Volcano - Adaptations | Fire-resistant building materials; Evacuation - avoiding low lying areas, staying upwind of volcano |
