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3 moods | indicative imperative subjunctive |
indicative is used for-- | statements and questions |
imperative is used for-- | commands |
subjunctive is used for-- | potential action, opinion, purpose, wished |
singular imperative formation | drop re from infinitive |
plural imperative formation except for 3rd conj | add te to singular imperative |
3rd conj sample imperative | surge, surgite |
3 irregular imperatives singular | dic, duc, fac |
s & pl imperative of to be | es, este |
perfect passives tenses are----forms | compound |
4th principal part | participle |
definition of participle | verbal adjective |
verbs that can have a direct object | transitive |
verbs that do not take a direct object | intransitive |
definition of vocative | direct address |
vocative rule | same as nom. except -us changes to -e and -ius to -i |
exceptions to vocative rule | mi, deus, Jesu |
vocative noun is often used with ---; not the----word in sentence | imperaitve; first |
2 common indeclinable nouns | satis, nihil |
dative and ablative pl of filia and dea | filiabus, deabus |
3 vocative expressions | Et tu, Brute? Benedic Domine nos; Christe eleison, fili mi |
definition of appositive | word that follows a noun and renames it |
apprositive agrees with noun or pronoun in-- | gender number case |
2 examples of adjectives used as nouns in English | the poor, the good, the bad, the ugly, the tired, the weary |
Latin uses---as a noun to describe a group of people or things | masc or neuter nom pl adj |
2 examples of adjectives used as nouns in Latin | multa (many things) nostri (our men) multi (many people) |
3 kinds of 1/2nd declension adjectives | regular (us,a,u,), -er adj, naughty 9 |
Naughty Nine irregular forms | genitive and dative |
vir viri m | man |
puer pueri m | boy,child |
vesper vesperi m | evening |
ager agri m | field,ground |
culter cultri m | knife |
liber libri m | book |
magister magistri m | teacher m |
magistra magistrae f | teacher f |
liberi liberorum m | children |
dexter dextra dextrum | right,right-hand |
sinister sinistra sinistrum | left, left-hand |
integer integra integrum | whole, uninjured |
pulcher pulchra pulchrum | beautiful, handsome |
sacer sacra sacrum | sacred |
aeger aegra aegrum | sick, ill |
piger pigra pigrum | lazy |
asper aspera asperum | rough, harsh |
miser misera miserum | wretched |
liber libera liberum | free |
civis civis m/f | citizen |
hostis hostis m/f | enemy |
navis navis f | ship |
collis collis m | hill |
pons pontis m | bridge |
mons montis m | mountain |
pars partis f | part |
urbs urbis f | city |
gens gentis f | tribe |
mare maris n | sea |
brevis breve | short brief |
facilis facile | easy |
difficilis difficile | difficult |
fortis forte | strong brave |
gravis grave | heavy serious severe |
omnis omne | each every all |
turpis turpe | shameful disgraceful |
dulcis dulce | sweet pleasant |
fidelis fidele | faithful |
nobilis nobile | noble |
aquae aquae f | water |
culpa culpae f | fault, blame |
ira irae f | anger |
luna lunae f | moon |
silva silvae f | forest, woods |
stella stellae f | star |
umbra umbrae f | shadow |
unda undae f | wave |
ursa ursae f | bear |
vita vitae f | life |
ego mei | I |
nos nostri | we |
filia filiae f | daughter |
Gallia Galliae f | Gaul |
gratia gratiae f | grace, favor, thanks |
Hispania Hispaniae f | Spain |
Lucia Luciae f | Lucy |
patria patriae f | country, fatherland |
pecunia pecuniae f | money |
provincia provinciae f | province |
via viae f | road, way |
victoria victoriae f | victory |
tu tui | you |
vos vestri | you pl |
aquila aquilae f | eagle |
aurora aurorae f | dawn |
corona coronae f | crown, wreath |
culina culinae f | kitchen |
fabula fabulae f | story, tale, fable |
femina feminae f | woman |
fenestra fenestrae f | window |
fortuna fortunae f | fortune, luck |
insula insulae f | island |
janua januae f | door |
meus, mea, meum | my |
tuus, tua, tuum | your |
noster, nostra, nostrum | our |
vester, vestra, vestrum | yoour pl |
acer acris acre | sharp, bitter |
alacer alacris alacre | lively, spirited |
celeber celebris celebre | famous |
celer celeris celere | fast, swift |
audax audacis | bold, rash |
diligens diligentis | careful, diligent |
felix felicis | fortunate, lucky |
ingens ingentis | huge |
potens potentis | powerful |
sapiens sapientis | wise, rational |
senex senis | aged, old (person) |
Homo sapiens | rational man |
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Latin Teacher |
Heritage Study Center |
Hudson, OH |
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