| A | B |
|---|
| Adhesion | The intermolecular attraction between unlike molecules. Capillary action results from the adhesive properties of water and the molecules that make up plant cells. |
| Atom | The smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical and physical properties of that element. |
| Biochemical Conversion | The changing of organic matter into other chemical forms such as fuels. |
| Biological Macromolecules | A group of biomacromolecules that interact with biological systems and their environments. |
| Carbohydrate | A macromolecule that contains atoms of carbon |
| Catalyst | A substance that enables a chemical reaction to proceed at a usually faster rate or under different conditions (e.g. |
| Cohesion | The intermolecular attraction between like molecules. Surface tension results from the cohesive properties of water. |
| Concentration | The measure of the amount or proportion of a given substance when combined with another substance. |
| Concentration Gradient | The graduated difference in concentration of a solute per unit distance through a solution. |
| Diffusion | The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration; a natural result of kinetic molecular energy. |
| Enzyme | A protein that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being changed by the reaction; an organic catalyst. |
| Freezing Point | The temperature at which a liquid changes state to a solid. |
| Lipids | A group of organic compounds composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen including a proportionately smaller amount of oxygen; are insoluble in water |
| Macromolecule | A polymer with a high molecular mass. Within organisms there are four main groups: carbohydrates lipids proteins and nucleic acids. |
| Molecule | The smallest particle of a substance that retains the chemical and physical properties of the substance and is composed of two or more atoms held together by chemical forces. |
| Nucleic Acid | A biological macromolecule (DNA or RNA) composed of the elements C H N O and P that carries genetic information. |
| Organic Molecule | A molecule containing carbon that is a part of or produced by living systems. |
| Protein | A macromolecule that contains the principal components of organisms: carbon |
| Specific Heat | The measure of the heat energy required to increase the temperature of a unit quantity of a substance by a certain temperature interval. |
| Temperature | A measure of the average kinetic energy (energy of motion) of particles in a sample of matter. This physical property can determine the rate and extent to which chemical reactions can occur within living systems. It is commonly measured in degrees Celsius (°C) or Fahrenheit (°F). |
| Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) | A molecule that provides energy for cellular reactions and processes. ATP releases energy when one of its high energy bonds is broken to release a phosphate group. |
| Cellular Respiration | A complex set of chemical reactions involving an energy transformation where potential chemical energy in the bonds of “food” molecules is released and partially captured in the bonds of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules. |
| Photosynthesis | A process in which solar radiation is chemically captured by chlorophyll molecules and through a set of controlled chemical reactions resulting in the potential chemical energy in the bonds of carbohydrate molecules. |
