| A | B |
|---|
| Rock | a mixture of minerals, volcanic glass, organic matter, or other materials. |
| Rock Cycle | Shows the process that create and change rocks between igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rock types. |
| Igneous Rock | Rock created when hot magma and lava cools. |
| Lava | Molten rock that reaches the surface. |
| Magma | Molten rock underground. |
| Intrusive | Igneous rock that forms from magma below the surface. |
| Extrusive | Igneous rock that forms when lava cools. |
| Basaltic | Dense, dark colored igneous rock that is rich in iron and magnesium, and poor in silica. Flows freely. |
| Granitic | Igneous rocks that are light colored, with lower density, and rich in silica. This causes it to be thick and flow slowly. |
| Andesitic | Igneous rock whose composition is between basaltic and granitic. Intermediate. |
| Metamorphic Rock | Rocks that have changed due to high temperatures and pressures, or the presence of hot, watery fluids. |
| Foliated | Mineral layers in the rock have lined up in parallel layers. (metamorphic) |
| Non-foliated | Metamorphic rock in which layers have not formed. |
| Sediment | loose materials such as rock, mineral, and shell fragments that have moved due to wind, water, ice, or gravity. |
| Sedimentary Rock | Rock which forms when sediments are pressed and cemented together. |
| Compaction | process that forms sedimentary rock, when layers of small sediments are compressed by the weight of layers above them. |
| Cementation | Sedimentary rock formation process in which large sediments are held together by natural cements that are produced when water soaks through rock and soil. |
| Chemical Sedimentary Rock | form when dissolved minerals come out of solution. Ex: Limestone and Rock Salt |
| Organic Sedimentary Rock | rocks made from the remains of once living organisms. Ex. Chalk and Coal. |
