| A | B |
|---|
| Concurrent Jurisdiction | authority shared by both federal and state courts |
| Original Jurisdiction | the authority of a trial court to be first to hear a case |
| Appellate Jurisdiction | authority held by a court to hear a case that is appealed from lower court |
| Litigant | a person engaged in a lawsuit |
| Due Process Clause | Fourteenth Amendment clause stating no state may deprive a person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law |
| Grand Jury | group that hears charges against a suspect and decides whether there is sufficient evidence to bring the person to trial |
| Indictment | a formal charge by a grand jury |
| Petit Jury | a trial jury, usually consisting of 6 or 12 people, that weighs the evidence presented at a trial and renders a verdict |
| Judicial Circuit | a region containing a U.S. appellate court |
| Senatorial Courtesy | a system in which the president submits the name of a candidate for judicial appointment to the senators from the candidate's state before formally submitting it for full Senate approval |
| Opinion | a written explanation of a Supreme Court decision; also, in some states, a written interpretation of a state constitution or state laws by the state's attorney general |
| Riding the Circuit | traveling to hold court in a justice's assigned region in the country |
| Marbury v. Madison | established judicial review |
| Plessy v. Fergusson | established "separate, but equal" |
| If the crime of murder was committed in CT, which court would have jurisdiction? | Superior Court |
| If the crime of murder was committed against a federal employee in CT, which court would have jurisdiction? | state or federal |
| If the police conducted an illegal search that was admitted in a trial, what could the accused do? | appeal; likely to supreme court |
| Brief | a written statement setting forth the legal arguments, relevant facts, and precedents supporting one side of a case |
| Majority Opinion | the Court's decision expressing the views of the majority of justices |
| Dissenting Opinion | the opinion expressed by a minority of justices in a Court case |
| Judicial Review | the power of the Supreme Court to declare laws and actions of local, state, or national gov'ts unconstitutional |
| Impound | refuse to spend |
| Precedent | a model on which to base later decisions or actions |
| Advisory Opinion | a ruling on a law or action that has not been challenged |
| Bloc | coalition that promotes a common interest |
| Swing Vote | the deciding vote |
| How can a case reach the Supreme Court? | Writ of Certiorari or on appeal |
| What are the four kinds of Opinions the Supreme Court can issue? | Unanimous, Majority, Dissenting, and Concurring |
| What are reasons why the Supreme Court;s ability to shape policy is limited? | Types of Issues and Cases, Control Over Agenda, Enforcement Power, and Checks and Balances |
