| A | B |
|---|
| estuaries | Form in semi-enclosed area where fresh water from rivers enters the sea |
| Nonbenthic organisms | crustaceans & fishes |
| Catadromous | Freshwater fishes that move to the sea to breed |
| Anadromous | Saltwater fishes that move into freshwaters to breed |
| Coastal plain estuaries | form when rising sea levels flood existing river valleys |
| Tectonic estuaries | caused by land sinking & being covered by water |
| Fjords | Created when retreating glaciers cut deep valleys along the coast |
| Bar Built Estuary | Forms as sediments accumulate along coast build up sand bars |
| Salt wedge | angled boundary forms between fresh and salt water due to rapid flow of fresh water |
| Well-mixed estuary | occurs when river flow is low & allows for tidal current mixing |
| Partially mixed estuary | occurs when strong surface flow of fresh and strong influx of seawater |
| flushing time | Time necessary for total volume of water in estuary to be completely replaced is known as the |
| euryhaline | species that tolerate a wide range of salinities |
| stenohaline | organisms that |
| Hypotonic | more solute concentration inside the cell than in environment; |
| Isotonic | same concentration in and out; |
| Hypertonic | has less internal solute concentration than its environment; |
| Osmoconformers | Animals that maintain osmotic balance by allowing body fluids to change with salinity of water |
| Osmoregulators | Animals that keep salt concentration of body fluids more or less constant regardless of water salinity |
| Osmosis | Diffusion of water across a membrane |
