| A | B |
|---|
| Critical Period | Early America - the make it break time, survival as a country was unsure |
| cabinet | advisors to President, set up by G. Washington, became part of unwritten constitution |
| Hamilton's finanical plan | plan to bring economic security and stability to America in the Critical Period, included tariffs, Whiskey Tax, payment of debts and creation of the National Bank |
| Bank of the U.S. | proposed by Hamilton to help with finanical stability, controversial because it required use of the elastic clause to create |
| Whiskey Rebellion | farmers in PA threatened to revolt over tax on whiskey, G. Washington sent a large military force to send a message that the national government was in control |
| neutrality | Washington's foreign policy during the Critical Period, the US would not take sides in conflicts |
| Federalists v. Republicans | conflict between the two political parties over the power of government, national v. state, and foreign affairs (France v. Great Britain) |
| Alien & Sedition Acts | passed under J. Adams presidency to get rid of or silence his Republican critics, He was a Federalist. |
| Louisiana Purchase | area of the Great Plains, purchased from France for 15 million |
| Lewis & Clark | land explorers sent by Pres. Jefferson to explore the Louisiana Territory |
| War of 1812 | war against the British because their harassment of our ships and men, and keeping the forts in the Great Lakes. No winner, but gained respect! |
| Eli Whitney | inventor of the cotton gin & interchangeable parts |
| cotton gin | invention which cleaned seeds from cotton, made cotton production easier, increased slavery |
| Erie Canal | waterway built to connect Lake Erie with Hudson River across NY state, linked Great Lakes and Atlantic Ocean for trade |
| immigration | earliest immigrants to America were from Ireland, Great Britain & Germany |
| Monroe Doctrine | foreign policy which stated no more European colonization in the western hemisphere (Latin Americ) and the U.S. would stay out of European affairs |
| nationalism | pride in our country, gained somewhat after War of 1812 |
| Missouri Compromise | agreement to add both Missouri & Maine to keep balance of slave & free states, also drew the line at 36 30 lattitude with free states above it, and slave states below |
| manifest destiny | American belief that it was our fate to spread from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean, expansionism |
| sectionalism | loyalty to your own section's needs, over the needs of the nation |
| industrialism | changing from handmade to machine made, increased use of factories & technologyy |
| expansionsim | adding land |
| Indian Removal Act | law passed under A. Jackson, moved natives living east of the Miss. R. to the west side of the Miss. River |
| Trail of Tears | forced removal of Cherokee Indians to the west, many died on the march west |
| spoils system | Jackson's firing of government officials and replacement of them with his own supporters |
| nullification crisis | South Carolina refused to follow the tariff of 1832, challenging the federal government's authority, Jackson invaded them, but a compromise was struck |
| Elizabeth Cady Stanton | women's rights reformer, held Seneca Falls Convention |
| Seneca Falls Convention | meeting held to gain attention for women's rights like suffrage, wrote Declaration of Sentiments at it |
| Declaration of Sentiments | document calling for women's rights, modeled on Declaration of Independence |
| suffrage | right to vote |
| temperance movement | reform movement trying to get rid of alcohol because it lead to poverty and social problems |
| abolitionism | reform movement to get rid of slavery |
| Susan B Anthony | illegally cast her vote in an election to fight for women's suffrage |
| William Lloyd Garrison | white abolitionist who wrote The Liberator - wanted end to slavery |
| Frederick Douglas | former slave turned abolitionist, gave speeches and wrote The Northstar |
| annexation | addition, as in adding Texas to the U.S. |
| cession | addition, as in Mexican Cession - added land after Mex-American War |
| secession | to leave - as in what South Carolina threatened to do if the national government kep passing tariffs |
| Mexican-American War | war between U.S. & Mexico over boundary dispute at Rio Grande, U.S won and we added even more territory, known as expansionist war, James Polk was President |
| Gold Rush | 1849 rush of people out to California where gold was discovered |
| Mexican Cession | land gained after Mexican-American War, included California, Nevada, New Mexico & Arizona |
