| A | B |
|---|
| phenotype | the physical expression of genes in an organism |
| genotype | the set of genes an organism has |
| law of segregation | 2 factors for a trait separate during gamete formation |
| law of independent assortment | the color of a bean has nothing to do with its height |
| dominant traits | phenotypes expressed when an offspring is heterozygous |
| recessive traits | phenotype not expressed when an offspring is heterozygous |
| alleles | a pair of contrasting genes located at the same place on 2 chromosomes of the same kind |
| intermediate traits | an in-between expression resulting from both alleles producing proteins |
| polygenic traits | traits with many phenotypes due to many genes involved |
| autosomal | on chromosomes other than the X or Y |
| X-linked | being on the X chromosome |
| probability | the chances offspring will be a certain genotype or phenotype |
| monohybrid cross | when parents heterozygous for 1 kind of trait are mated |
| dihybrid cross | when parents heterozygous for 2 kinds of traits are mated |
| Punnett square | table device used to chart the probable outcome of genetic crosses |
