| A | B |
|---|
| adaptation | inherited characteristic increasing survival chances |
| assail | attack or assault |
| capricious | changeable. flighty |
| Charles I | King of England, Scotland, Ireland, beheaded |
| Charles II | King of England, Scotland, Ireland during Restoration |
| civil war | war between factions in same country |
| commonwealth | politically organized body under single government |
| commonwealth | allegiance to central power, but not subordinate |
| comport | behave in a certain manner |
| conceivably | within realm of possibility |
| conspire | engage in plotting or conspiracy |
| contingent | determined by conditions not yet established |
| deflect | turn aside |
| edict | command |
| Elizabeth I | Queen of England 1558-1603 |
| enmity | state of deep-seated ill-will |
| extenuate | lessen seriousness of |
| Gunpowder Plot | conspiracy to blow up James I, Houses of parliament to avenge persecution of Catholics in England |
| insidious | working or spreading in hidden, injurious way |
| invincible | incapable of being overcome |
| inviolate | sacred |
| James I | first Stuart King of England and Ireland |
| languish | lose vigor, health or flesh, through grief |
| martial | suggesting war, military life. |
| Mary Stuart | Queen of Scots, forced to abdicate in favor of her son, executed by Elizabeth I |
| Oliver Cromwell | led Parliamentary army in English Civil War, 1599-1658 |
| Parliament | lawmaking body of British government |
| pernicious | exceedingly harmful |
| portentous | of momentous or ominous significance |
| posterity | all future generations |
| predisposed | made susceptible |
| prodigious | so great in force as to elicit awe |
| profane | profanity or cursing |
| rapier | straight sword, 2-edged narrow blade |
| remonstrate | argue in rpotest |
| Restoration | re-establishment of British monarchy 1660 |
| rigorous | demanding strict attention to rules |
| robustly | strong, vigorous |
| saucy | improperly bold |
| shrift | Confession, absolved of sin |
| Sir Francis Drake | English explorer and admiral, first to circumnavigate the globe |
| solemnity | solemn and dignified feeling |
| stealth | avoiding detection by moving carefully |
| subjugation | act of conquering |
| supinely | lying with face upward |
| trifling | deliberate act of wasting time |
| valiant | brave, courageous |
| vigilant | carefully observant, attentive |
