| A | B |
|---|
| everything is made of atoms | kinetic theory of matter |
| average kinetic energy of all the particles in an object | temperature |
| temperature is measured in units called | degrees |
| measures temperature | thermometer |
| expanding with increased temperature | thermal expansion |
| the flow of energy from an object at high temperature to object at lower temperature | heat |
| total random kinetic energy of particles in an object | thermal energy |
| energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by one degree Celsius | calorie |
| standard unit in which energy is measure | Joule (J) |
| amount of energy needed raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by one degree celsius | specific heat |
| energy moving between objects that are touching physically | conduction |
| materials that have a low specific heat | conductors |
| have a high specific heat | insulators |
| transfers of heat energy through fluids | convection |
| energy traveling as electromagnetic waves | radiation |
| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| weight | the downward pull on an object due to gravity |
| volume | the amount of space that matter in an object occupies |
| length x width x height | volume |
| atom | smallest basic unit of matter |
| atoms | all matter is made of these |
| molecule | when two or more atoms bond together, or combine |
| atoms and molecules | these are always in motion |
| element | contains only a single type of atom |
| compound | two or more different types of atoms bonded together |
| mixture | combination of different substances that can be separated |
