| A | B |
|---|
| Sahel | dry, semi-arid region south of the Sahara Desert |
| savanna | a vast area of both grassland & more tropical habitats in the middle of Africa |
| Sahara Desert | largest desert on planet Earth |
| rainforest | areas with hot, humid, tropical climates & dense, evergreen forests with tall trees |
| deforestation | loss of forest from cutting down too many trees |
| desertification | the process by which the desert spreads & soil loses its ability to hold water |
| Green Line | the place where the cultivated land ends & the desert begins |
| drought | with little or no rain over a period of time |
| subsistence farming | growing food to provide for the sustenance of your family |
| Bantu | a member of any of a large number of linguistically related people of central & southern Africa |
| Swahili | people & culture found on the coast of East Africa |
| Ashanti | a group of people in the modern country of Ghana |
| arable land | land that is suitable for planting crops |
| conflict diamonds | diamond mined in war zone & sold to finance an insurgency. |
| imperialism | countries competing for land & power |
| indirect rule | type of European colonial policy in which the traditional local power structure, or at least part of it, is incorporated into the colonial adminstrative structure |
| assimilation | a gradual process by which a person or group belonging to one culture adops the practices of another, thereby becoming a member of that culture. |
| Nelson Mandela | a South African statesman who fought against separation of races & elected as president in 1994 |
| F.W. deKlerk | a former South African president who freed an important man from prison. |
| apartheid | a policy of racial separation used in South Africa from 1948-1990 |
| Pan-African movement | the desire for people of African descent, no matter where they lived in the world, to think of Africa as a homeland. |
| townships | a racially segregated urban area outside a city |
| homelands | special reserves with little land & no resources |
| pandemic | adisease prevalent over a whole country or the world |
| epidemic | widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time |
