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Java Games: Flashcards, matching, concentration, and word search. |
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| A | B |
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| Baroque Suite | Allemande, Courante/Corrente, Sarabande, Optional Dances, Gigue |
| Allemande | German, 4/4 time, short upbeat, short running figures |
| Courante | French, 3/2 or 6/4, shifting meters at cadences |
| Corrente | Italian dance in quick triple meter |
| Sarabande | spanish origin, slow triple meter, dignified style |
| Minuet | French, simple triple meter, moderate tempo |
| Bouree | French dance, quick duple meter, single upbeat |
| Gavotte | French dance, moderate duple meter, alla breve, upbeat of 2 quarter notes |
| Polonaise | Polish dance moderate triple meter |
| Gigue, giga, jig | irish origin, compound meter, usually quick |
| presto | very fast |
| Sonata Form | Sonata Allegro, Adagio, Scherzo or Minuet, Allegro or Presto |
| Exposition | Theme 1 (tonic) Theme 2 (dom or related) |
| Development | motives based on themes 1 and 2 developed in various keys |
| Recapitulation | theme 1 (tonic) theme 2 (tonic) |
| Allargando | broadening; gradually slower |
| Andante | moderate walking tempo |
| Arpeggio | continuous broken chord |
| Cantabile | singing |
| Coda | extended ending for piece |
| Doloroso | sadly, sorrowfully |
| enharmonic | 2 diff names for same piano key |
| giocoso | merrily, with humor |
| meno | less |
| molto | much; very |
| mordent | note, below, note |
| Ostinato | repeated pattern (same note, same two notes, etc.) |
| Parallel | c major c minor |
| piu | more |
| poco | little |
| pesante | heavily |
| rallentando | gradually slower |
| ritenuto | immediately slower |
| robusto | robustly, boldly |
| rubato | "robbed time," slowing or rushing tempo and making up elsewhere |
| scherzando | playfully, jokingly |
| sempre | always |
| senza | without |
| smorzando | dying away |
| sostenuto | sustained |
| sotto voce | in a low voice |
| subito | suddenly |
| tenuto | stress note |
| tre corda | release pedal LIFT tray |
| trill | baroque, classical ABOVE, romantic ON |
| una corda | press pedal, drop uno card |
| Baroque | rev war, polyphonic texture, ornamentation, improvisation, cadenzas, figured bass, dance suite, terraced dyanmics (mf, f, p), harpsichord and organ, toccata (scales, rapid passages), bach, handel, scarlatti, vivaldi, rameau |
| Classical | civil war, homophonic, obvious cadence points, alberti bass, sonata/sonatina, beethoven, mozart, clementi, haydn, kuhlau |
| Romantic | programme music, themes, complex harmonies, lyric melodies, complex rhythms, syncopated, chopin, tchaikovsky, grieg, mendelssohn, schubeter/schumann, dvorak |
| 20th cent | 20th cent!, no major/minor, quartal harmony, biton aton polyton, changing meters, polyphonic, neo-classic, serial or 12-tone music, copland, bartok, kabalevsky, prokofiev, della-joio |
| Impressionism | unclear tonalities, blurred images, whole tone scales, ostinato figures, augmented triads, debussy, ravel, griffes |
| chromatic/diatonic | chr off key, dia in key, chr same, dia diff |
| scale degree names | tonic, super, med, subd, dom, subm, leading |
| 7ths | Dom- Mm M-MM m-mm D-DD, hd-Dm |
| secondary dominant | dominant V of a key over than tonic |
| 2-2 | alla breve |
| syncopation | strong and weak beats mixed up |
| hemiola | 2 pulses to 3 pulses |
| upbeat | incomplete measure begins, borrowed from end |
| pedal point | sustained or repeated note |
| augmentation | doubling of rhythmic value of notes in theme |
| diminution | halving of rhythmic value of notes in theme |
| subject | principle theme of fugue |
| answer | restatement of subject |
| real answer | exact transposition of subject to dominant |
| tonal answer | answer in which transposition is adjusted so that it can move back to tonic |
| countersubject | continuation of subject, used repeatedl |
| exposition | introduction of all voices at beginning of fugue |
| stretto | gen- means of varying musical theme so parts come closer together, adds intensity; fugue-usually near end, entrances of subjects close together, causing them to overlap |
| transposition | changing music to a different key |
| modulation | when a musical composition changes from original key to another key and remains for a reasonable amount of time |
| duple meter | Music that moves with a rhythmic swing of pulses in sets of 2’s; most commonly, 2/4, 4/4, also 2/2, 2/8, 4/8 etc. The first beat gets more emphasis; STRONG weak, STRONG weak. 6/8 is compound duple meter, 2 sets of 3’s. |
| triple meter | Music that moves in groupings of rhythmic pulses or beats in sets of 3’s. For example, 3/4, 3/8 or 3/2. 9/8 is compound triple meter; 3 sets of 3’s. |
| dynamics | letters or symbols that tell how loudly or softly to play music |
| m.d., m.s. | use right hand, use left hand |
| gracioso | gracefully |
| largo | very slowly, "large." |
| marcato | stressed, marked |
| tie | hold second note, don't play it |
| opus | word used to indicate chronol. order in which composer's music written |
| legato | play smoothly, connect notes |
| leggiero | lightly, delicately |
| rondo | musical form multi-sectional with a recurring theme (A) that returns between contrasting sections (B,C)-- ABACA, ABACABA, etc. |
| theme and variations | musical form with theme and series of diff versiosn of theme |
| tertian harmony | harmony based on the interval of a 3rd |
| 12-tone row | method of comp in which 12 tones of chromatic scale organized into a row, used over and over to provide underlying structure of comp |
| serialism | music based on a particular succession of pitches, rhythms, dynamics, etc. repeated over and over, underlying structure |
| melodic inversion | intervals of theme/melody changed, direction of each interval altered |
| prime, inversion, retrograde, retrograde inversion | original series, inverting all intervals of prime, reversing prime, inverting retrograde |
| episode | section w/ no subject, new material or motives based on subject |
| vivace | quick, lively |
| vivo | brisk, lively |
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