| A | B |
|---|
| Proclamation of 1763 | passed by England after the French and Indian War forbiding colonist to move west of the Appalachian Mountians |
| stamp act | tax placed on all printed materials in the colonies to help pay for the French and Indian War |
| Battle of Lexington and Concord | The first shots of the Revolutionary War occured here |
| Battle of Saratoga | Key victory for the Americans in the Revolutionary War that resulted in French recognition |
| Boston Massacre | Altercation between colonists and the British Army in Boston inflamed by unfair British policies |
| Battle of Yorktown | Battle that ended the American Revolution sealing independence for the United States |
| John Locke | English political philosopher that influenced many of Jeffersons ideas in the Declaration of Independence |
| Thomas Paine | author of the pamphlet "Common Sense" |
| Common Sense | pamphlet written by Thomas Paine that influenced colonists to seek independence from England |
| Redcoats | British soldiers during the Revolutionary War |
| Minutemen | Colonial militiamen during the Revolutionary War |
| Articles of Confederation | The first written constitution of the United States |
| Bill of Rights | the first 10 ammendments to the Constituion protections indivual freedoms |
| Federalist Papers | artilces written by Federalist in support of ratifying the Constitution |
| Great Compromise | Created a Senate based on equal representation for each state and a House of Representatives in which each states population would determine represntation in Congress |
| Virginia Plan | Plan written by James Madison that eventually became the basis for the U.S. Constitution. |
| New Jersey Plan | paln put forth by William Patterson supporting equal representation in Congress for all states |
| Shay's Rebellion | Revolt by farmers in Massachusetts that illustrated the need for a stronger central government |
| Mexican Cession | Territory acquired from Mexico in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo |
| Gadsden Purchase | Area of land purchased from Mexico in order to build a railroad between Texas and California |
| Jacksonian Democracy | period in U.S. history that led to the increased involvment of the common man in govenrment |
| Dred Scott | a slave who sued for his freedom, but lost because the courts ruled slaves were property, not citizens |
| Kansas Nebraska Act | Stephen Douglas's idea to divide the Nebraska Territory in two and allow the citizens to decide on the issue of slavery on their own |
| Popular Sovereignty | the people of a territory would be allowed to detrmine the issue of slavery on their own |
| Bleeding Kansas | name given to the state where fighting between proslavery and antislavery factions lead to violent altercations |
| Missouri Compromise | admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state |
| Emancipation Proclamation | Freed the slaves in Confederate held territories during the Civil War |
| Total War | expanding the war effort to effect the local civilian population |
| Reconstruction Act of 1867 | divided the South into military districts after the Civil War and ensured the protection of rights of former slaves |
| Lincoln's 10% Plan | Allowed Southern states to return to the Union following the Civil War after 10% of the population took an oath of allegience |
| Manifest Destiny | phrase meaning that the United States was predestined by God to become a nation expanding from the Atlantic to the Pacific |
| Massacre at Wounded Knee | ended the war between the U.S. government and the Plains Indians |
| Monoply | Control of an industry by a single business |
| Bisbee Deportation | 1000 copper miners from Southern Arizona were loaded onto trains and dumped in the New Mexico desert after labor disputes |
| Social Darwinism | survial of the fittest in the business world |
| Ellis Island | point of entry into the United States for many European immigrants |
| Jane Addams | social reformer who created the Hull House |
| Boss Tweed | Known for his involvment in political machines and manipulating elections |
| Meat Inspection Act | regulations put in place in the meat packing industry after the publishing of Upton Sinclairs novel "The Jungle" |
| Upton Sinclair | author of the "The Jungle" |
| Open Door Policy | policy stating that all nations should be able to freely trade with China |
| Imperialism | the policy of extending a nation's policies over another nation by political, economic, or military means |
| Yellow Journalism | the use of sensationalized reporting to attract readers |
