| A | B |
| Gangs | operate in nearly all cities with populations of more than 200,000 |
| Duty | the defendant owed a duty of care to the plaintiff |
| Breach of Duty | the defendant's conduct violated a duty to the plaintiff |
| Causation | the defendant's conduct caused harm to the plaintiff |
| Damages | the plaintiff suffered actual injuries or losses |
| Product Liability | manufacturers held liable for defective products |
| Compensatory Damages | damages that make up for the harm caused |
| Liable for a tort | a person who commits a civil wrong |