| A | B |
|---|
| adenosine triphosphate(ATP) | compound used by cells to store and release energy |
| heterotroph | organism that obtains food by consuming other living things; also called a consumer |
| autotroph | organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and sue it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer |
| photosynthesis | process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reaactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates such as sugars adn starches |
| pigment | light-absorbing molecule used by plants to gather the sun's energy |
| chlorophyll | principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms |
| thylakoid | saclike photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts |
| stroma | fluid portion of the chloroplast; outside of the thylakoids |
| NADP+ | (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate): electron carrier involved in glycolysis |
| light-dependent reactions | set of reactions in photosyntheis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH |
| light-independent reactions | set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light; energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar; also called the Calvin cycle |
| photosystem | cluster of chlorophyll and proteins found in thylakoids |
| electron transport chain | series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions |
| ATP synthase | cluster of proteins that span the cell membrane and allow hydrogen ions (H+) to pass through it |
| Calvin cycle | light-independent reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compouds such as sugar |
