| A | B |
|---|
| periosteum | the hard outer covering of bones |
| compact bone | the dense layer, contains haversian canals |
| spongy bone | the soft layer beneath the compact bone |
| function of bones | holds the body up; protects internal organs; allows for movement; stores minerals; makes new blood cells |
| axial skeleton | contains the skull, vertebrae, and rib cage |
| appendicular skeleton | contains the bones of the arms, legs, hands, feet, shoulders, and hips |
| cartilage | much softer version of bone found in embryos, infants, and young children |
| osteoporosis | disorder in which bone breaks down more quickly than usual; bones become very porous (lots of holes) |
| immovable joints | one of the 3 categories of joints; do not allow any movement |
| slightly movable joints | one of the 3 categories of joints; allow very limited movement |
| freely movable joints | one of the 3 categories of joints; allow lots of movement |
| joint | any place in the body where 2 or more bones meet |
| ligaments | bands of tissue that connect bone to bone; located at joints |
| skull | another name for the head |
| mandible | the jaw bone |
| clavicle | the thin bone that forms the pectoral girdle; also called the collarbone |
| scapula | the flat plate-like bone that forms the pectoral girdle; also called the shoulder-blade |
| humerus | the upper arm bone |
| radius | the lower arm bone on the thumb side |
| ulna | the lower arm bone on the pinkie side |
| carpals | the 8 hand bones that are found closest to the wrist |
| phalanges | the tiny bones found in fingers and toes |
| sternum | the plate where ribs meet in the center of your chest; breastbone |
| ribs | the group of curved bones that protect your heart/lungs |
| femur | upper leg bone; largest in the body |
| patella | the kneecap; protects the inside of the knee |
| tibia | larger of the two lower leg bones |
| fibula | smaller of the two lower leg bones |
| tarsals | the upper foot bones closest to the ankle |
| vertebral column | the bones that make up the backbone |
