| A | B |
|---|
| taxonomy | a classification of organisms into groups based on similarities of structure or origin etc |
| phylogenetic tree | diagram showing evolutionary relationships of organisms with a common ancestor; resembles a tree |
| phylogeny | The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms |
| protist | single-celled or simple multicellular eukaryotic organisms that generally do not fit in any other kingdom |
| bacteria | domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls containing peptidoglycans |
| archaea | domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls that do not contain peptidoglycan |
| binomial nomenclature | Classification system in which each species is assigned a two-part scientific name including the genus and species |
| domain | Most inclusive taxonomic category; larger than a kingdom |
| kingdom | large taxonomic group, consisting of closely related phyla |
| genus | taxonomic group containing one or more species |
| species | the most specific group featuring organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring |
| symbiosis | relationship in which two species live closely together |
| mutualism | symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit from the relationship |
| commensalism | symbiotic relationship in which one member of the association benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed |
| parasitism | symbiotic relationship in which one organism lives in or on another organism (the host) and consequently harms it |
| carnivore | a consumer that only eats other consumers |
| omnivore | organism that obtains energy by eating both plants and animals |
| herbivore | consumer that eats only producers; also called a primary consumer |
| producer | an organism that can make its own food |
| consumer | an organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms |
| decomposer | organism that breaks down and obtains energy from dead organic matter |
| autotroph | Means self nourish; organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food |
| heterotroph | Means nourish from something different; organisms that gets its food by consuming other organisms or consomuming products of other organisms |
