| A | B |
|---|
| genome | entire set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA |
| karyotype | micrograph of the complete diploid set of chromosomes grouped together in pairs, arranged in order of decreasing size |
| sex chromosome | one of two chromosomes that determines an individual's sex |
| autosome | chromosome that is not a sex chromosome; also called autosomal chromosome |
| sex-linked gene | gene located on a sex chromosome |
| pedigree | chart that shows the presence or absence of a trait according to the relationships within a family across several generations |
| nondisjunction | error in meiosis in which the homologous chromosomes fail to separate properly |
| restriction enzyme | enzyme that cuts DNA at a sequence of nucleotides |
| gel electrophoresis | procedure used to separate and analyze DNA fragments by placing a mixture of DNA fragments at one end of a porous gel and applying an elctrical voltage to the gel |
| bioformatics | application of mathematics and computer science to store, retrieve, and analyze biological data |
| genomics | study of whole genomes, including genese aand their functions |
