| A | B |
|---|
| selective breeding | method of breeding that allows only those organisms with desired characteristics to produce the next generation |
| hybridization | bredding technique that involves crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best traits of both organisms |
| inbreeding | continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics to maintain the derived characteristics of a kind of organism |
| biotechnology | process of manipulating organisms, cells, r molecules, to produce specific products |
| polymerse chain reaction | the techique used by biologists to make many copies of a particular gene |
| recombinant DNA | DNA produced by combining DNA from different sources |
| plasmid | small, circular piece of DNA located in the cytoplasm of many bacteria |
| genetic marker | alleles that produce detectable phenotypic differences useful in genetic analysis |
| trangenic | term used to refer to an organism that contains genes from other organisms |
| clone | member of a population of geneticaly identical cels produced from a single cell |
| gene therapy | process of changing a gene to treat a medical disease or disorder. An absent or faulty gene is replaced by a normal working gene |
| DNA microarray | glass slide or silicon chip that carries thousands of different kinds of single-stranded DNA fragments arranged in a grid. A DNA microarray is used o detect and measure the expression of thousands of genes at one time |
| DNA fingerprinting | tool used by biologists that analyzes an individual's unique collection of DNA restriction fragments; used to determine whether two smaples of genetic material are from the smae person |
| forenics | scientific study of crime scene evidence |
