| A | B |
|---|
| Solid | Matter that has a definite shape & volume. Molecules are in fixed positions and are close & bound together. Molecules vibrate but DO NOT change positions. |
| Liquid | Matter that has a definite volume but NOT a definite shape. Molecules are close, but not bound together, there is enough space for molecules to move about or “flow”. |
| Gas | Matter that has no definite volume and no definite shape. Takes the shape & volume of its container. Molecules are far apart and have a lot of energy (movement). |
| Plasma | Matter made of electrically charged particles. Has no definite shape and no definite volume |
| Evaporation | A process where matter changes from a liquid to a gas on the surface of the liquid, below the boiling point of the liquid. Molecules move faster, gain energy |
| Condensation | A gas becomes a liquid. Molecules move slower, come closer together (lose energy, temperature cools). |
| Boiling | When a liquid changes to a gas as it is heated to a specific temperature when bubbles of vapor form inside the liquid. Molecules gain energy, move faster & farther apart. |
| Boiling Point | The temperature at which vapor bubbles form in a liquid and rise to the surface. (ex. H2O = 100C) |
| Freezing | The process when a liquid changes to a solid. (It does NOT have to be COLD!) Molecules lose energy, slow down & get closer together. |
| Freezing Point | The temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid |
| Melting | When matter changes from a solid to a liquid when heated above its particular freezing/melting point. |
| Melting Point | The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid. |
| Sublimation | When a solid changes immediately to a gas (does not pass through the liquid state). |
| Deposition | When a gas turns directly into a solid |
| Kinetic Theory of Matter | All matter is made up of particles that are in motion |
| Heat of Fusion | The amount of energy needed to change a material from a solid to a liquid. |
| Heat of Vaporization | The amount of energy needed to change a liquid to a gas |
