| A | B |
|---|
| DNA | DeoxyriboNucleic Acid. The coded message that determines traits. |
| Gene | Located on the chromosomes; contains DNA |
| Chromosome | Located in the nucleus; contains genes |
| Nucleus | Controls the activities of the cell; gives instructions for DNA codes |
| Ribosomes | Site of protein synthesis; receives DNA coded messages from mRNA |
| Inherited | Genes or traits that are passed down from your parents to you |
| Nature vs. Nurture | The debate as to whether your genes or the environment determines your traits |
| Double Helix | The "twisted ladder" model of DNA |
| Amino Acids | Make up proteins; need to be in a specific sequence to function properly |
| # of chromosomes in body cells | 46 |
| # of chromosomes in sex cells | 23 |
| # of genes in your body | 20,000 |
| # of DNA base pairs in your body | 3 BILLION! |
| mRNA | Messenger RNA; delivers coded message to ribosomes |
| T (matches up with) | A (matches up with) |
| G (matches up with) | C (matches up with) |
| Function of proteins | Transport, enzymes, antibodies, cell communication |
| DNA and RNA similarities | Made of nucleotides, carry genetic info |
| DNA and RNA differences | DNA is double stranded, RNA is single |
| Molecular bases | The letters represented on a DNA model |
| Sugar and Phosphate | The "backbone" of the DNA structure |
| Mutation | The alteration (change) in DNA sequence |
| Replicate | Make a copy |
| Biotechnology | Modifying living organisms to benefit us |
| Selective Breeding | Mating species to get desirable traits |
| Eugenics | Selective breeding of humans |
| Genetically modified food | Structure of DNA is changed to produce better food |
| USDA | United States Department of Agriculture |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration |
| Cloning | Making of a genetically identical copy ("Dolly") |
