| A | B |
|---|
| volume | graduated cylinder measures this |
| mass | triple beamed balance measures this |
| milliliter | unit of graduated cylinder |
| density | mass divided by volume |
| geology | study of the solid Earth, fossils, rocks, and minerals |
| meteorology | study of Earth's atmosphere |
| oceanography | study of Earth's largest bodies of water |
| astronomy | study of outer space |
| thermometer | instrument that measures heat |
| Continental Drift | jigsaw fit of continents is evidence for this theory |
| Seafloor Spreading | sonar and core samples gathered evidence to support his theory |
| Plate Tectonics | earthquakes, mountains, and volcanoes are evidence used to support his theory |
| convection currents | cause pf plate tectonic movement |
| Ring of Fire | location of most of Earth's Volcanoes |
| Pacific | the edge of this ocean is the site of most of Earth's volcanoes |
| divergent | type of boundary found at the mid-ocean ridges |
| convergent | boundary formed as two tectonic plates collide |
| subduction | movement of denser ocean crustal plate under less dense plate |
| transform fault | scientific name for sliding boundary |
| San Andreas Fault | USA's dangerous transform fault boundary |
| mechanical weathering | breaking down of earth's crust into smaller pieces |
| wind abrasion | type of weathering that causes the paint on shore houses to chip away |
| exfoliation | mechanical weathering process in which pieces of granite peel off |
| oxidation | chemical weathewring process responsible for rust |
| frost wedging | mechanic weathering process in which water seeps into rock cracks, freezed and expands causing the rock to crack |
| Pangaea | Earth's original landmass |
| Alfred Wegener | he proposed the Theory of Continental Drift |
| animal weathering | worms making holes in soil are responsibe bor this process |
| water abrasion | rivers and streams carrying particles that wear down the rock are responsible for this process |
| acid rain | car exhaust mixing with liquid precipitation causes this |
| plant acids | moss roots create a chemical that cracks rocks called ____ ____ |
| formation | rocks are classified into groups based on their _____ |
| igneous | teses rocks are formed when lava or magma cools and hardens |
| sedimentary | rocks formed from fragments that are compacted and cemented together |
| metamorphic | rocks that are changed by heat and pressure |
| relative dating | uses "oler than" and "younger than" to describe age |
| superposition | geologic law that states the oldest rock layer is found on the bottom |
| unconformity | shown by a wavy line on a rock strata diagram |
| erosion | cause of most sedimentary rock unconformities |
| Absolute Age Dating | tells the exact age of a fossil or rock |
| intrusion | magma rising through layers of sedimentary rock forms an _________ |
| fault | a crack in rock which displaces layers |
| mudflow | mixture of soil and water that moves rapidly downhill |
| waves | water movement responsible for depositing sand to form beaches |
| landslide | rock and soil moves quickly downhill |
| creep | slow movement of rock and soil down a gentle slope |
| cinder | type of steep volcanic cone formed from explosive eruptions |
| shield | gently sloping volcanic cone formed from quiet eruptions |
| tephra | solid amterial ejected from an erupting volcano |
| composite | type of volcanic cone formed from both quiet and explosive eruptions |
| secondary | seismic waves that move side to side are called _____ waves |
| primary | fastest seismic wave that traves in a push/pull movement is a ____ wave |
| surface | ____ or long seismic waves cause the most damage |
| vent | opening of a volcano |
| dormant | a volcano that is sleeping and not expected to erupt in the future |
| three | number of seismograph stations needed to determine the epicenter |
| epicenter | site of greatest earthquake damage |
| focus | origin point of earthquake |
| Mesozoic | geologic era of reptiles and dinosaurs |
| Cenozoic | present geologic era called "Age of Mammals" |
| Precambrian | geologic era in which life began |
| Paleozoic | geologic era known as the "Age of Invertebrates" |
| trilobite | common index fossil that existed during the Paleozoic Era |
| bacteria | beleived to be the forst living organism |
| trace | Fossilized dinosaur footprints are an example of a ____ fossil |
| original preservation | 25.000 year old wool mammoths are examples of this type of fossil |
| mold | hollow left by rotted organism buried in sand |
| cast | mineral material that fills in a mold |
| petrified | _____ wood is an example of a replaced remains type of fossil |
