| A | B |
|---|
| surface water | fresh water found above ground in lakes, ponds, rivers, and streams |
| groundwater | water that seeps down through the soil and is stored underground |
| watershed | entire area of land that drains into a river |
| recharge zone | area of land on the Earth's surface from which groundwater originates |
| point pollution | pollution discharged from a single source, such as a factory or wastewater treatment plant |
| nonpoint pollution | pollution that comes from many sources rather than a single specific site, such as pollution that reaches a body of water from streets and strom sewers |
| water pollution | introduction of foreign substances into water that degrade its quality, limit its use, and affect organisms living in it or drinking it |
| thermal pollution | addition of execessive amounts of heat to a body of water, such as in runoff from industrial cooling systems |
| aquifers | an underground formation that contains water |
| desalinization | process in which salt is removed from salt water, as from the oceans, rendering the water fit for drinking and cooking |
| pathogens | disease-causing organisms such as bacteria. Pollution occurs when human sewage is untreated or enters water through storm sewers, and when animal teces wash off the land into water |
| organic matter | biodegradable remains of animals and plants, including teces. These come primarily from nonpoint sources |
| organic chemicals | pesticides, fertilizers, plastics, detergents, gasoline and oil, and other materials made from fossils fuels such as petroleum. Mostly nonpoint source pollution |
| inorganic chemicals | acids, salts, toxic metals; from both point and nonpoint sources |
| toxic chemicals | chemicals that are poisonous to living things, including heavy metals, and many industrial, and some household, chemicals |
| physical agents | heat and suspended solids such as soil |
| radioactive waste | from power plants or nuclear processing and defense facilities |
| bioaccumulation | accumulation of larger and larger amounts of toxin within the tissues of organisms at each successive trophic level |
| artificial eutrophication | inttroduction of inorganic plant nutrients into a body of water through sewage nad fertilizer runoff |
| algal blooms | caused by high levels of phosphates in the water |
| water pollution | can create a public hazard |
| Ogallala Aquifer | holds about 4 quadrillionliters of water |
| chlorine | added to prevent bacteria from growing in the water on its way to your home |
| aluminum sulfate | which bacteria and other impurities cling |
| chlorine | kills disease-causing bacteria |
