| A | B |
| scribe | a professional writer |
| Fertile Crescent | the site of the first civilizations |
| city-state | a city that is also a separate, independent state |
| polytheism | the belief in many gods and godesses |
| artisan | worker who is especially skilled at crafting items |
| social class | a group of people with similar backgrounds |
| code | an organized list of laws |
| technology | the use of tools and other inventions for practical purposes |