| A | B |
|---|
| Earthquakes | vibrations made by fracturing rock |
| Earthquakes | Made by plate tectonic activity |
| Focus | Where the rock fractures in Earth |
| Fracture | When rocks break under stress |
| Epicenter | Place on surface above focus |
| Primary wave | fastest moving seismic wave |
| Primary wave | compressional push pull wave |
| Primary Wave | p wave |
| Primary wave | speeds up through solids |
| Primary wave | slows down through liquids |
| Secondary waves | Sinusodial side to side energy |
| Secondary waves | S wave |
| Secondary waves | arrives second to seismograph |
| S P interval | time between P and S wave |
| S P interval | tells distance to quake |
| S wave height | tells amplitude or POWER of quake |
| Three | number of stations to get epicenter |
| Surface waves | L waves |
| Surface waves | longitudinal up and down motion |
| Surface waves | very short ranged wave |
| Surface waves | most destructive energy wave |
| Secondary waves | will not go through liquids |
| Richter scale | Metric energy scale of quakes |
| moment Magnitude scale | A more sensitive scale than Richters |
| Modified Mercalli Intensity scale | Scale that looks at damage produced |
| Plate boundaries | where most quakes happen |
| convergence zone | where plates hit |
| divergence zone | where plates move apart |
| strike-slip zone | where plates move past each other |
| convergence zones | make compressional stress |
| divergence zones | where tensional stress occurs |
| strike-slip zones | makes shear stress |
| compressional stress | makes reverse faults |
| tensional stress | makes normal faults |
| shear stress | makes transform faults |
| transform faults | horizontal motion |
| normal faults | foot wall above hanging wall |
| reverse faults | hanging wall above foot wall |
| compressional and tensional stress | makes vertical faults |
| shear stress | makes horizontal faults |
| Primary Earthquake Phenom | Ground rupture or movement |
| Secondary Quake Phenom | fire, tsunami, avalanche |
| animal behavior erratic | best way to predict earthquakes |
| shallow depth | 0-50 km |
| Intermediate depth | 51-200 km |
| Deep quake | greater than 200 |
| 700 km | no quakes deeper! |
