| A | B |
|---|
| cleavage | property of minerals that break along smooth, flat surfaces |
| crystal structure | orderly, repeating pattern in which the atoms in a crystal are arranged |
| crystallization | process by which atoms form a solid with an orderly, repeating pattern |
| fracture | property of minerals that break along rough or irregular surfaces |
| luster | way a mineral’s surface reflects light |
| mineral | naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition |
| ore | deposit of valuable metal containing minerals that can be produced at a profit |
| streak | color of a mineral’s powder |
| foliation | layered appearance of metamorphic rock that results from uneven pressures causing flat minerals to line up |
| grain | individual rock particle |
| lava | magma that erupts onto Earth’s surface |
| lithification | process through which sediment turns into rock |
| magma | molten rock located within Earth |
| rock | naturally occurring solid mixture composed of minerals, smaller rock fragments, organic matter, or glass |
| sediment | rock or mineral fragments that are loose or suspended in water |
| texture | grain size and arrangement of grains in a rock |
| deposition | process of laying down sediment in a new location |
| extrusive rock | igneous rock that forms when lava cools and crystallizes on Earth’s surface |
| intrusive rock | igneous rock that forms when magma cools and crystallizes inside Earth |
| rock cycle | series of processes that continually change one rock type into another |
| uplift | process that moves large amounts of rock up to Earth’s surface and to higher elevations |
