| A | B |
|---|
| nucleic acit | complex biomolecule that stores cellular information in the form of a code |
| double helix | twisted ladder shape, formed by two strands of nucletides twisted around each other |
| nucleosome | phosphate groups in DNA create a negative charge, which attracts the DNA to the positively charged histone proteins |
| template | a molecule of DNA that is a pattern for synthesis of a new DNA molecule |
| semiconservative replication | parental strands of DNA separate, serve as templates, and produce DNA molecules that have one strand of parental DNA molecules that one strand of parental DNA and one strand of new DNA |
| DNA polymerase | enzyme that catalyzes cynthesis of new DNA molecules |
| Okazaki fragment | short segment of DNA synthesized discontinuously in small segments in the 3' to 5' direction by DNA polymerase |
| synthesis | the composition or combination of parts to form a whole |
| RNA | a nucleic acid that is similar to DNA |
| messenger RNA | long strands of RNA nucleotides that are formed complementary to one strand of DNA |
| ribosomal RNA | tye type of RNA that associates with proteins to form ribosomes in the cytoplasm |
| transfer RNA | smaller segments of RNA nucleotides that transport amino acids to the ribosome |
| transcription | the first step of the central dogma involving the synthesis of mRNA from DNA |
| RNA polymerase | an enzyme that regulates RNA synthesis |
| codon | the three-base code in DNA or mRNA |
| intron | sequences that are called intervening sequences |
| exon | coding sequences that remain in the final mRNA |
| translation | process in which mRNA attaches to the ribosome and a protein is assembled |
