| A | B |
|---|
| Delian League | alliance of Greek city states formed in 480 B.C. in response to the threat by the Persian army |
| Parthenon | Greek temple built to honor Athena, considered a masterpiece of architechual design |
| Twelve Tables | Rome's laws that were written down in 451 B.C. that later became the basis for Roman law |
| Gravitas | Roman virtue that emphasized the values of discipline, strength and loyalty |
| First Triumverate | group of 3 rulers formed in 60 B.C. that dominated Rome for next 10 years, included Julius Caesar, Crassus and Pompey |
| Second Triumverate | group of 3 rulers formed in 43 B.C. who took control of Rome and ruled for the next 10 years, included Octavian, Mark Anthony and Lepidus |
| Christianity | religion which grew during the Roman Empire based on the teachings of Jesus and contained many ideas from Judaism including the Ten Commandments and monotheism |
| Polis | Greek city state |
| Acropolis | a fortified hilltop in ancient Greek city |
| Agora | open air market place in ancient Greek city |
| Direct Democracy | a government in which citizens rule directly rather than through representatives |
| Phalanx | a military formation of foot soldiers armed with spears and shields |
| Pelopnnesian War | war lasting from 431 to 404 B.C. in which Athens was defeated by Sparta |
| Persian War | a series of wars in the fifth century B.C. in which Greek city states battled the Persian Empire |
| Hellenistic | relating to the civilization, language, art, science and literature of the Greek world from the reign of Alexander the Great to the late second century B.C. |
| Patricians | in ancient Rome, a member of the wealthy, privileged upper class |
| Plebians | in ancient Rome, one of the common farmers, artisans, and merchants who made up most of the population |
| Punic Wars | a series of three wars between Rome and Carthage that resulted in the destruction of Carthage an Rome's dominance over the western Meditteranean |
| Pax Romana | a period of peace and prosperity throughout the Roman Empire lasting from 27 B.C. to 180 A.D. |
| Republic | form of government in which power is in the hands of representatives and leaders are elected by citizens who have the right to vote |
