| A | B |
| Aeneas | leader of the Trojans |
| Iulus | Aen's son |
| Ascanius | Aen's son |
| Creusa | Aen's first wife |
| Anchises | father of Aen |
| Venus | love goddess, mother of Aen |
| Dido | queen of Carthage |
| Pygmalion | evil brother of Dido |
| Sychaeus | dead husband of Dido |
| Anna | sister of Dido |
| Priam | dead king of Troy |
| Paris | son of Priam, lover of Helen |
| Hector | son of Priam, chief Trojan warrior |
| Sinon | lying Greek who tells of horse |
| Cassandra | daughter of Priam, prophetess no one believes |
| Achates | loyal friend of Aeneas |
| Juno | queen of gods, enemy of Trojans |
| Jupiter | king of gods |
| the Sybil of Cumae | leads Aen into underworld |
| Augustus | emperor in Virgil's lifetime |
| Julius Caesar | adopted father of Aug, treated as god |
| Marcellus | Augustus's chosen heir who died young |
| Latinus | king of Latium |
| Amata | wife of Latinus |
| Lavinia | daughter of Latinus |
| Turnus | leader of Rutulians, planning to marry Lavinia |
| Evander | king of Arcadians |
| Pallas | son of Evander, killed by Turnus |
| Mezentius | godless tyrant of Etruscans, now following Turnus |
| Lausus | brave son of Mezentius |
| Camilla | female warrior on Latins' side |
| Caieta | nurse of Aeneas, buried in Italy |
| Palinurus | Trojan sailor, killed by ruffians |
| Ulixes | Latin name of Odysseus |
| Palamedes | friend of Sinon, killed by Greeks |
| Laocoon | priest who doubts Horse, is killed by snakes |
| Juturna | sister of Turnus, made a goddess by Jupiter |
| Tarchon | leader of the Etruscans |