| A | B |
|---|
| homozygous | same alleles for a gene |
| heterozygous | different alleles for a gene |
| allele | a copy of a gene |
| dominant | always expressed if present |
| recessive | only expressed if 2 copies are present |
| heredity | patterns of inheritance |
| heritable | traits that can be passed on |
| monogenic | controlled by one gene |
| hybrid | a blend of alleles |
| probability | odds |
| genotype | what the genes look like |
| phenotype | what the expression looks like |
| meiosis | division of sex cells |
| segregation | maternal and paternal genes separate during meiosis |
| independent assortment | alleles for a trait sort separately during meiosis |
| homologous | chromosomes that contain the same types of information |
| sister chromatid | identical duplicated chromosome |
| chromosome | visible during cell division only |
| nondisjunction | when homologues do not separate during meiosis |
| codomninance | when both alleles are individually seen in the phenotype |
| incomplete dominance | when both alleles blend as the phenotype |
| XX | human female |
| XY | human male |
| XO | Turners syndrome |
| YO | Nonviable |
| XXX | Triple X Syndrome |
| XXY | Kleinfelters Syndrome |
| XYY | normal male |
| sex linked genes | genes that are found on the X chromosome |
| autosomes | chromosomes for everything but gender |
| allosomes | sex chromosomes |
