| A | B |
|---|
| sagittal/midsagittal plane | divides body into right & left portions |
| frontal/coronal plane | divides body into front & back portions |
| transverse/horizontal | divides body into upper & lower portions |
| superior | above, closer to the head |
| inferior | below, closer to the feet |
| anterior | front, towards the front |
| posterior | back, towards the back |
| medial | towards midline |
| lateral | away from midline |
| distal | further from origin (center of body) |
| proximal | closer to origin (center of body) |
| superficial | closer to the surface of the body |
| deep | closer to the core of the body |
| ventral | toward the front/belly |
| dorsal | toward the back |
| prone | lying face down/on stomach |
| supine | lying face up/on back |
| unilateral | pertaining to one side of the body |
| bilateral | pertaining to both sides of the body |
| flexion | decreasing the angle of the joint/closing |
| extension | increasing angle of the joint/opening |
| hyperextension | extending joint beyond its normal range of motion |
| pronation | turning the arm or foot downward (palms down) |
| supination | turning the arm or foot upward (palms up) |
| elevation | raising a part (usually shoulders "shrug up") |
| depression | lowering a part (usually shoulders "shrug down") |
| external rotation | rotation of hip or shoulder away from midline |
| internal rotation | rotation of hip or shoulder towards midline |
| lateral flexion | side-bending to the left or right |
| inversion | movement of ankle towards midline |
| eversion | movement of ankle away from midline |
| dorsiflexion | movement of ankle upward toward shin "toes to knees" |
| plantarflexion | movement of ankle downward "point toes to ground" |
| radial deviation | movement of wrist towards the radius or lateral side |
| ulnar deviation | movement of wrist towards the ulna or medial side |
| abduction | movement away from midline |
| adduction | movement toward midline |
| caudal | tail |
