| A | B |
|---|
| Ethos | Appealing to the reader’s trust. Writer seems trustworthy and believable. Can include expert opinions. |
| Pathos | Appealing to the reader’s emotions such as love and uses vivid language and sensory details. |
| Logos | Appealing to the readers’ logic. Writer uses powerful and convincing facts |
| Kairos | Appealing to the reader’s sense of urgency. Writer’s words make the reader want to “Act now!” |
| Rhetorical Question | This type of question requires no answer because it hints at its own answer. It is a way of making a point. |
| Bandwagon Statement | This is a statement that says to the reader |
| Counter Argument | Think about the arguments of the opposing side before they have a chance to share them. The writer then must give good alternatives or by pointing out the downside to the opposing side. |
| Word Connotation | The writer chooses words according to their positive and negative associations to make a point. Example: If the writer is in favor of an issue |
| Repetition | Repeating a key phrase to remind the reader of your main ideas or themes. |
| Call to Action | The writer asks the reader to do something as a result of agreeing with the writer's position. |
