| A | B |
|---|
| Where was Rome located? | Italian Peninsula in Europe |
| What geographical features protected the Italian Peninsula? | Alps and seas |
| Where did Rome’s influence over trade and power extend? | Mediterranean Sea |
| What was the source of Roman mythology? | Greek polytheistic (mythology) beliefs |
| What influence did Roman mythology have? | Important part of Roman culture, politics, |
| What type of government developed in Rome? | Republic, representative democracy |
| Who was excluded from participating in government? | women, most aliens (non-Romans), and slaves |
| Who represented the plebeians? | tribunes |
| What is the name of Rome’s first written laws? | Twelve Tables (tablets) |
| What were the three parts of Rome’s social structure? | Patricians, plebeians, slaves |
| What was the name of the highest legislature in Rome? | The Senate |
| Which body served as a legislature in Rome and included plebeians? | Assembly |
| What were the causes of the decline of the Roman Republic | Spread of slavery in agricultural system, Migration of small farmers into cities, Civil war over power of Julius Caesar, Devaluation of Roman currency; inflation, |
| What specific events led to rise of the Roman Empire? | Caesar defeats First Triumverate; Caesar threatens Republic, Caesar assassinated; Octavian (Augustus); defeats Marc Anthony, becomes Rome's 1st emperor |
| Which ruler established the Roman Empire by creating a civil service system, uniform laws, uniform currency, providing safe travel and trade, stable social classes, and peace and prosperity? | Augustus Caesar (Octavian) |
| Which group was represented by the Senate? | Patricians |
| What do we call the two hundred years of peace and prosperity from 27 BC to 180 AD? | Pax Romana (means? Roman Peace) |
| What caused the Punic Wars? | competition over trade in the Mediterranean Sea (Rome vs. Carthage) |
| What resulted from the Punic Wars? | Roman victories in wars, destruction, control of Mediterranean |
| What ended in AD after the death of Marcus Aurelius? | Pax Romana |
| What final event marked the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD? | Invasion of Rome by Germanic Tribes |
| What modern legal idea was included in the Twelve Tables? | “innocent until proven guilty” |
| Which culture greatly influenced Rome? | Greek |
| Which officials served only for one year and supervised government? | consuls |
| What did the Romans create that helped trade, travel, and communication? | network of roads |
| How did the Romans deal with different people? | tolerated differences usually (except Christians and Jews) |
| What was the social impact of the Pax Romana? | increased emphasis on the family |
| Who brought Gaul (France) under Roman control? | Julius Caesar |
| Who was the first emperor of the Roman Empire? | Augustus (Octavian) |
| Which Carthaginian crossed the Alps to invade Rome? | Hannibal |
| Who wrote The Aeneid? | Virgil |
| What structure carried water? | Aqueduct |
| What is a mercenary? | A foreign soldier who served for pay |
| What are beliefs of Christianity? | Jesus as both Son and incarnation of God, Life after death (eternal life) |
| What is the Pantheon? | A temple to honor all gods in Rome |
| What was the Forum? | the center of government buildings, a shopping area |
| Which Roman ruler converted to Christianity? | Constantine (1st Christian emperor) |
| Which Roman ruler persecuted the Christians? | Nero (he also burned Rome to the ground) |
| Which Roman ruler defeated Marc Antony? | Augustus |
| What city did Constantine make the center of power for the Eastern (Byzantine) Roman Empire? | Constantinople |
| What part of the Bible includes the life and teachings of Jesus, as well as writings of early Christians? | New Testament |
| Who helped to spread Christianity? | the apostle, Paul |
| What were important Roman technological achievements? | roads, aqueducts, arches |
| What monothestic religion had its root in Judaism? | Christianity |
| What resulted from Germanic invasions, civil war, use of mercernaries, increases taxes, and inflation? | fall of the Western Roman Empire in AD |
| Which language is the root of the Romance languages? | Latin (from Latin comes Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian, Italian &French) |
| What were some Roman medical achievements? | Emphasis on public health (public baths, public water) |
| Who was famous Roman astronomer? | Ptolemy |
| What parts of the world did the Roman Empire include? | Entire Mediterranean (parts of Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe), Gaul (France), Britain, (England) |
