| A | B |
|---|
| Gregor Mendel | Father of genetics |
| Recessive traits | Weaker trait |
| Dominant traits | Stronger trait |
| Punnet squares | table used to predict traits of offspring |
| DNA | chemicals that store and pass along hereditary information |
| RNA | Gives instructions to the rest of a cell |
| Chromosomes | long strands of DNA |
| gene | section of DNA on a chromosome |
| Meiosis | cell division that produces sperm and eggs |
| allele | one version of a gene |
| homozygous | getting the same allele from both parents |
| heterozygous | getting different alleles from each parent |
| phenotype | the trait that is expressed in an organism |
| genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism |
| genetic mutation | a permanent change in the DNA or RNA of a cell |
| genetic engineering | purposely changing the genes of an organism |
| clones | organisms that share the exact same genes |
| nuclear transfer | taking genes from one cell and putting them into another cell |
| environmental factors | examples include smoking, eating, exercise |
| fraternal twins | two eggs fertilized by different sperm |
| identical twins | one fertilized eggs that splits in two and develops into two babies |
