| A | B |
|---|
| state of matter | solid, liquid, gas or plasma |
| atom | smallest particle that makes up matter |
| kinetic theory of matter | particles of all matter are in constant, random motion |
| temperature | measure of the average kinetic energy |
| heat | energy transferred from one matter to another |
| solid | definite volume and shape |
| liquid | definite volume, no define shape |
| gas | no definite volume or shape |
| melting point | temperature at which a solid chnages to a liquid |
| heat of fusion | heat required to melt 1 kg of a solid at its melting point |
| 0 degrees Celsius | water freezes |
| 100 degrees Celsius | water boils |
| freezing point | temperature at which crystals begin to form in a liquid |
| heat of vaporization | amount of energy required to change 1 kg of a liquid to a gas |
| evaporation | individual particles of a liquid escape from the surgace of a liquid and becomes a gas |
| condensation | gas cools, particles slow down, droplets of liquid form |
| diffusion | mixing of particles in a gas or a liquid |
| pressure | the amount of force applied per unit of area |
| Pascal's Principle | states that the pressure exerted on any point of a confined fluid is transmitted unchnaged throughout the fluid |
| density | mass divided by volume |
| Archimedes' principle | states that when an object is placed in a fluid, the object weighs less by an amount equal to the weight of the displaced fluid |
| buoyancy | decrease in weight of an object in a fluid due to the net upward force caused by the displaced fluid |
