| A | B |
|---|
| Work | When a force causes an object to move in the direction of the force |
| Power | The rate at which work is being done |
| Machine | Device that changes the size or direction of a force, or motion of work |
| Work input | Work you put into a machine |
| Work output | Work done by a machine |
| Mechanical Advantage | Tells you how many times the machine multiplies force |
| Efficiency | A comparison of a machine’s work output with the work input |
| Lever | Simple machine consisting of a bar that pivots at a fixed point, called a fulcrum |
| First Class Lever | Fulcrum between input force and load |
| Second Class Lever | Load is between the fulcrum and the input force |
| Third Class Lever | Input force is between fulcrum and load |
| Inclined plane | Simple machine that is a straight slanted surface |
| Wedge | A double inclined plane that moves |
| Screw | An inclined plane that is wrapped into a spiral |
| Wheel and Axle | Simple machine consisting of two circular objects of different sizes |
| Pulley | Simple machine consisting of a grooved wheel that holds a rope or cable |
| Compound machines | Machines made of 2 or more simple machines |
| Energy | The ability to do "work" |
| Kinetic Energy (KE) | The energy of moving objects |
| Potential Energy (PE) | The energy that is stored due to the interactions between objects (stored energy) |
| Elastic PE | PE stored in a stretched or compressed object |
| Chemical PE | Energy stored in chemical bonds |
| Gravitational PE | Energy stored in an object because it could fall |
| Law of Conservation of Energy | Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only be converted into other forms, or transferred to other places. |
| Energy conversion | A change from one form of energy to another |
| Mechanical energy | The sum of KE and PE |
