| A | B |
|---|
| Thomas Paine | Author of "Common Sense"; a supporter of independence for the Americas |
| John Locke | Believed that government should protect certain liberties; power to govern came from the consent of the governed |
| Tudors | Had good relations with Parliament; Henry VIII and Elizabeth I |
| Stuarts | ruling family of Scotland; James I of England |
| James I | Believed that kings ruled by divine right |
| James I and Parliament fought over these three things | 1. religion - James I persecuted Puritans 2. money - He spent A LOT of money and wanted more from Parliament 3. foreign policy - He wanted to marry his son to a Spanish princess -- England was at odd with Spain since Spain defeated them with the Spanish armada |
| Son of James I | Charles I |
| Charles I | Like his father, he believed in the divine right of kings; he also spent a lot of money and asked Parliament for more |
| Petition of Right | Promised that Charles would not collect forced loans or levy taxes without the consent of Parliament; He also agreed not to imprison a person without cause or to house soldiers in private homes without the owner's consent. |
| Unpopular officials appointed by Charles I | Archbishop Laud of Canterbury and The Earl of Statford |
| Cavaliers | King's supporters during the civil war |
| Roundheads | Parliament's supporters during the civil war |
| Cromwell | Created the New Model Army; defeated the Cavaliers and arrested Charles I; called himself Lord Protector |
| Long Parliament | Tried and sentenced Charles I |
| Ist victim of regicide | Charles I |
| Commonwealth | England under Cromwell |
| Charles II | agreed to respect the Magna Carta and Petition of Right |
| Test Act | required any person holding public office to belong to the Anglican Church |
| Whigs | supported Parliament |
| Tories | supported the King |
| Habeas Corpus Act | Protects and individual from arbitrary arrest; made it illegal for an individual to be held in prison without a trial |
| James II | Was determined to make Praliament grant toleration for Catholics; his reign ended the Glorious Revolution |
| Willaim and Mary | Usurped the throne of James II; signed the Bill of Rights; ended the Glorious revolution |
| Bill of Rights | ensured the power of Parliament and protected English liberties; granted the right of trial by jury |
| Act of Toleration | Granted Protestants freedom of worship, but not Catholics |
| Act of Settlement | stated that only an Anglican could inherit the English throne |
| Act of Union | Joined the kingdoms of England and Scotland into the United Kingdom of Great Britain |
| cabinet system | The practice of appointing ministers from the majority party |
| prime minister | head of the cabinet |
| Walpole | 1st Prime Minister |
