| A | B |
|---|
| gas exchange | the process by which protists and animal cells get rid of excess carbon dioxide |
| respiratory surface | a thin moist surface through which gas exchange occurs |
| respiratory pigments | colored substances in the blood which carry oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| hemoglobin | increases the amount of oxygen the blood can carry |
| tracheal tubes | a system of air tubes that carry oxygen directly to all the cells of the body;found in grasshopper |
| spiracles | paired openings through which air enters and leaves terrestrial arthropods;grasshopper |
| gills | the respiratory organ of aquatic animals |
| alveoli | air sacs; found in human; site for gas exchange; surrounded by capillaries |
| bronchioles | connects the bronchi to the alveoli |
| lungs | respiratory organ in vertebrates |
| diaphragm | large flat muscle that separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities |
| pleura | a membrane that encloses the human lung |
| nasal passages | hollow spaces in the nose that moisten and filter air; connects to the pharynx |
| pharynx | the back of the mouth; the throat |
| larynx | the voice box |
| vocal cords | found in the larynx; can be controlled to make sounds |
| trachea | the air passage that connects the pharynx and lungs |
| epiglottis | flap of tissue that prevents food or liquid from entering the trachea |
| bronchi | two tubes that branch off the trachea and enter the lungs |
| bronchial tubes | the branches of the bronchi |
| inhalation | the phase of breathing in which air is taken into the lungs |
| exhalation | the phase of breathing in which air is removed from the lungs |
| tidal volume | the amount of air left in your lungs after you exhale |
| bicarbonate ion | mainly carries carbon dioxide in the plasma |
| bronchitis | imflammation of the linings of the bronchial tubes |
| asthma | a severe allergic reaction in which the bronchioles contract making it difficult to breath |
| emphysema | a lung disorder caused by smoking; reduce respiratory surface which can lead to shortness of breath |
