| A | B |
|---|
| imperialism | building an empire by founding colonies or conquering other nations |
| isolationism | avoiding involvement in the affairs of other countries |
| What factors led to imperialism | raw materials, new markets, power & national pride |
| Alfred T. Mahan | Navy Admiral who argued that the U.S. needed strong navy to protect economic interests |
| William H. Seward | Sec. of State who arranged the purchase of Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million |
| Why Americans thought Seward's purchase was foolish | Thought Alaska was a wasteland |
| Based on Seward's belief that U.S. must cont. moving westward, what islands were annexed in 1867? | Midway Islands |
| For what purpose did the Midway Islands serve? | Because of their location, halfway between U.S. & Japan, an excellent coaling station for U.S. Navy |
| What business did the U.S. missionaries get rich from? | Sugarcane |
| Who became Queen of Hawaii and proposed a new constitution to return | Liliuokalani |
| Who was sent to Japan to secure trade with them? | Commodore Matthew Perry |
| How was Matthew Perry able to convince Japan to open trade? | He presented them a telegraph transmitter, model train and the presence of a strong U.S. navy |
| spheres of influence | Areas where foreign nations controlled resources |
| Open Door Policy | All nations should have equal access to trade in China |
| Who proposed the open door policy to Japan & European countries? | John Hay |
| Boxer Rebellion | Chinese nationalists who were angered by foreign involvement in China |
| yellow journalism | Sensational, often exaggerated news stories. |
| Why was yellow journalism used? | To attact readers |
| What events soon led us to war with Spain? | 1. Hearst's newspaper published a letter written by the Spanish minister to U.S. calling McKlinley weak 2. U.S. ship USS Maine exploded while protecting U.S. interests in Cuba 3. Spain ignores the resolution sent to them by McKinley |
| Teller Amendment | U.S. had no interest in taking control of Cuba |
| George Dewey | Led the attack of the Spanish fleet in Manila Bay |
| Emilio Aguinaldo | Filipino rebel leader |
| Rough Riders | Led by Theodore Roosevelt. Group of volunteer soldiers including Native Am., college athletes, cowboys, miners & ranchers. Successfully captured San Juan Hill in Cuba |
| Anti-Imperialist League | Group that opposed the treaty and imperialism |
| Platt Amendment | Limited Cuba's right to make treaties & allowed US to intervene in Cuban affairs |
| Foraker Act | Established a civil government in Puerto Rico |
| Why was annexing the Phillipines invaluable to the U.S.? | Excellent for naval bases and important to keep Europeans from seizing the island |
| Why were all of the island's inhabitants upset after the war? | All thought they were fighting alongside the U.S. for their independence |
| Why was builing the canal important for U.S.? | Would link the Atlantic & Pacific Oceans and cut 8,000 miles off the voyage by ship from west to east coasts of U.S. |
| Where did Theodore Roosevelt believe a good location for the canal would be? | Isthmus of Panama |
| What country occupied the Isthmus of Panama and would not lease to U.S.? | Columbia |
| How did Theodore Roosevelt obtain the land? | He supported a revolt with the Panamanian people and Columbia |
| What were some of the obstacles to overcome in building the canal? | Disease & dangerous work |
| Dr. William Gorgas | organized a successful effort to rid the canal route of disease carrying mosquitoes |
| Panama Canal | Linked Atlantic & Pacific oceans |
| Beliefs of Theodore Roosevelt | U.S. should play a more active role in the Western Hemisphere... |
| What did Roosevelt mean by "Speak softly & carry a big stick" | Everyone should know U.S would use military force to protect U.S. interests in Latin America. |
| Monroe Doctrine | Warned European nations not to interfere in Western Hemisphere |
| Roosevelt Corollary | Addition to Monroe Doctrine...warnd in cases of "wrongdoing" by Latin American countries, the U.S. might exercise "international police power"...Roosevelt actively enforced the corollary throughout his presidency |
| William Howard Taft | Acted to protect U.S. interests in Latin America. |
| dollar diplomacy | Influencing governments through economic, not military, intervention |
| What did Taft want to encourage? | Stability and keep Europeans out of Latin America |
| Mexican Revolution | Long, violent struggle for power in Mexico |
| Porfirio Diaz | Mexican dictator |
| John J. Pershing | Sent by Wilson to catch Mexican rebel leader Francisco "Pancho" Villa |
| End result of Mexican Revolution? | 120,000 Mexicans fled to U.S. |
