| A | B |
|---|
| Evolution above the species level (ie - the kind that creates new species) is called _______. | macroevolution p507 |
| ____ genes determine such basic features as where a pair of wings and a pair of legs will develop on a bird or how a flower’s parts are arranged. | Homeotic genes p526 |
| The products of one class of homeotic genes called ____ genes provide positional information in animal embryos. | Hox (Examples include the development of fins in fish and limbs in tetrapods) p526 |
| The number of years it takes for 50% of an original sample of a radioactive isotope to decay is called the isotope's _____. | half-life p512,  |
| The supercontinent formed near the end of the Paleozoic era when plate movements brought all the landmasses of Earth together is called ______. | Pangaea p520,  |
| The model of the origin of eukaryotes that proposes that mitochondria, chloroplasts, and perhaps other cellular structures were formerly small prokaryotes that lived symbiotically inside larger cells. | endosymbiont theory (aka - endosymbiotic theory) p516,  |
| The half-life of carbon-14 is 5700 years. If there was 10 grams of carbon-14 in a bone fragment 11,400 years ago, how much carbon-14 would still be left today? | 2.5 grams (After 5700 years, half of the 10 gram original sample would be left, so after 5700 years there would be 5 grams. In the next 5700 years, half of that 5 grams would be left, so after a total of 11,400 years ago, only 2.5 grams would be left) p512, |
| Scientific data indicates that Earth formed about _____ years ago. | 4.6 billion p508 |
| The first genetic material was probably ____ due to its ability to catalyze reactions including its own self replication. | RNA p509 |
| The earliest known fossils date back about _____ years ago. | 3.5 billion pp507&514 |
| Earth's early atmosphere was much different than today's atmosphere in that it lacked _____. | oxygen p516 |
| In 1953, ______, created laboratory conditions similar to those hypothesized for early Earth and found that amino acids along with other organic compounds were able to form spontaneously. | Stanley Miller p509,  |
| What type of rocks are most fossils in? | sedimentary p510 |
| The _____ refers to a relatively brief period of time in geologic history when many present-day phyla of animals first appeared in the fossil record. This burst of evolutionary change occurred about 535 to 525 million years ago and saw the emergence of the first large, hard-bodied animals. | Cambrian Explosion p518 and G-5 |
| How long ago did dinosaurs go extinct? | 65 million years ago p524 |
