| A | B |
|---|
| heredity | the study of how traits are passed from parents to offspring |
| genetics | the study of biological inheritance |
| fertilization | the combining of sperm and egg cells |
| trait | a specific characteristic |
| genes | factors passed from parents to offspring that determine an individual’s characteristics |
| alleles | the different forms of the same gene |
| dominant | the stronger of two alleles; only one is required to show the dominant phenotype |
| recessive | the weaker of the two alleles; two are required to show the recessive phenotype |
| gametes | sperm for males and eggs for females |
| probability | the likelihood that an event or genetic combination will happen |
| homozygous | ”two of the same alleles are present; GG or gg” |
| heterozygous | ”two different alleles are present; Gg” |
| phenotype | the physical display of a trait |
| genotype | the genetic make-up concerning a trait |
| codominance | a type of complex inheritance; two dominant phenotypes are displayed together in an offspring |
| incomplete-dominance | a type of complex inheritance; two dominant phenotypes blend together to form a blended phenotype |
| multiple-alleles | a type of complex inheritance; a number of combinations are possible resulting in more than two phenotypes |
| polygenic-traits | a type of complex inheritance; a trait is controlled by more than one gene resulting in numerous phenotypes |
