| A | B |
|---|
| Industrial Revolution | time when machines took the place of many hand tools and the power once provided by people and horses began to be replaced by water and then steam engines |
| factory system | brings workers and machinery together in one place |
| capitalists | people who invest money in a business to earn a profit |
| mass production | rapid manufacturing of large numbers of identical objects |
| interchangeable parts | identical pieces that could be assembled quickly by unskilled workers |
| urbanization | the growth of cities due to movement of people from rural areas to cities |
| famine | widespread starvation |
| nativists | people who wanted to preserve the country for American-born Protestants |
| slave codes | laws that controlled aspect of a slave’s life |
| canals | channel dug across land and filled with water |
| temperance | an organized effort to end alcohol abuse and the problems created by it |
| prohibition | total ban of the sale and consumption of alcohol |
| abolitionists | reformers who wanted to end slavery |
| abolitionists | reformers who wanted to end slavery |
| suffrage | the right for women to vote |
| frontier | land that forms the farthest extent of the nation’s settled regions |
| land grants | government gifts of land |
| “Manifest Destiny” | belief that U.S. was meant to extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific |
| dictator | one-person rule |
| siege | an attack in which one force surrounds a city of fort |
| annex | add on |
| forty-niners | people who came to California in search of gold |
| water rights | legal rights to use the water in a river, stream, or other body |
| vigilantes | self-appointed law enforcers |
