| A | B |
|---|
| suffrage | right to vote |
| Chartist Movement | Movement in Britain to give the right to vote to more people and to obtain other rights |
| Queen Victoria | British monarch who ruled for 67 years; during her reign the monarchy became largely ceremonial |
| Third Republic | Government formed in France after Napoleon III was exiled; not very stable due to the many political parties vying for power |
| Dreyfus Affair | Events surrounding the framing of a Jewish officer in the French army |
| anti-Semitism | Prejudice against Jews |
| Zionism | Movement of establish a separate homeland in Palestine for the Jews |
| Dominion | Nation in the British Empire allowed to govern its own domestic affairs |
| Maori | Polnesian people who settled in New Zealand |
| Aborigine | Native people of Australia |
| Penal Colony | Place where convicts are sent to serve their sentences as an alternative to prison |
| Home Rule | Local control over domestic affairs |
| Mass Culture | Art and entertainment appealing to a large audience |
| Charles Darwin | Author of On the Origin of the Species who developed a theory of evolution based on survival of the fittest |
| Theory of evolution | Theory that all life on earth developed from simpler forms of life |
| Psychology | Study of the mind |
| Reform Bill of 1832 | Parliamentary act that gave enlarged the franchise by increasing the number of middle class that had the right to vote |
| Sigmund Freud | Austrian doctor who is consider the father of psychoanalysis; claimed that a person's actions are shaped by the subconscious |
| Ivan Pavlov | Scientist who conducted a series of experiments on animals and developed the idea of conditioned response |
| Louis Pasteur | Father of science of bacteriology |
| Gregor Mendel | Father of genetics; showed that parents passed on their traits to their offspring |
| Joseph Lister | Father of antiseptic surgery |
| People's Charter of 1838 | Chartist petition offered to Parliament seeking numerous refors including the use of the secret ballot and universal male suffrage |
| Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Stanton | American who organized a movement for women's suffrage |
| Emmeline Pankhurst | Founder of the Women's Social and Political Union |
| Women's Social and Political Union | Most militant movement for women's rights in England; committed acts of sabotage to gain attention for the movement |
| Emily Davis | WSPU member who threw herself in front of a horse at the English Derby to call attention to the women's movement |
| Paris Commune | Radical government that controlled Paris after Napoleon III's exile |
| Captain Alfred Dreyfus | Jewish French army officer framed for selling secrets to the Germans |
| Emile Zola | Novelist who wrote a letter to newspaper title J'accuse inwhich he dennouced the army for covering up the Dreyfus Affair |
| Theodor Herzl | Austrian writer and founder of the Zionism movement |
| John MacDonald | Canada's first prime minister under whose leadership Canada expanded from Atlantic to Pacific |
| James Cook | Explorer who claimed both New Zealand and Australia for Britain |
| John MacArthur | Australian settle who experimented with differing breeds of sheep until he found one that flourished in Australia |
| Daniel O'Connell | Irish representative to British parliament who convinced Parliament to pass the Catholic Emancipation Act of 1829 |
| Catholic Emancipation Act of 1829 | Restored many rights to Irish Catholics |
| Great Famine | Potato blight that swept Ireland from 1845 to 1848 |
| Easter Rising | Rebellion by Irish Catholics in 1916 |
| Irish Free State | Created in 1921 when all of Ireland except Ulter was granted home rule |
| Eamon De Valera | Leader of Irish nationalists who continued to seek complete independence for all of Ireland |
| Dmitri Mendeleev | Russian chemist who developed the Periodic Table |
| John Dalton | British chemist who theorized that all matter is make up of tiny particles called atoms |
| Ernest Rutherford | British physicist who suggested that atoms were made up of yet smaller particles |
| Marie and Pierre Curie | Husband and wife team who discovered a powerful form of energy which Marie names radioactivity |
| Guglielmo Marconi | Created first radio in 1895 |
| Thomas Edison | Invented the first practical light bulb; founder the first R and D lab |
| Alexander Graham Bell | Teacher of the deaf who invented the telephone |
| Ferdinand von Zeppelin | Creater of an air ship using hydrogen |
