| A | B |
|---|
| genetic engineering | adding or removing genes to alter an organism |
| cloning | taking chromosomes form egg cell and replacing with chomosomes from a body cell |
| differentiation | specialization of cells |
| number of chromosomes in human body cells | 46 |
| number of chromosomes in gametes | 23 |
| meiosis | makes the gametes; sexual reproduction |
| mitosis | makes identical copies; asexual reproduction |
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| template | the directions for making a new molecule (DNA) |
| Biotechnology | Using biology and technology together to produce products |
| Chromosome | Threadlike structures in nucleus that contain the DNA |
| Gene | A segment of DNA ( on a chromosome) that codes for a specific trait |
| Replication | Copying of DNA molecules that happens during first stages of meiosis and mitosis |
| Mutation | Change in DNA; Caused by radiation or chemicals |
| Selective breeding | Choosing the parents to breed to obtain desired traits in offspring |
| Genetic engineering | Technolgy used to alter the genetic code in an organism |
| Adenine always bonds with | Thymine |
| Guanine always bonds with | Cytosine |
| Nucleuotide | Contains a nitrogenous base, a sugar and a phosphate group; subunit of DNA |
| Expressed | Trait that is shown |
| Recombination | Genes from both parents come together after fertilization |
| Genetic variation | Unique combination of traits an organism inherits from parents |
| Electrophoresis | Technique used to sperate mixtures of large molecules according to size. DNA testing for crime |
