| A | B |
|---|
| consumerism | the drive to buy, buy, buy in the 1920s |
| installment buying | buying something by putting money down and then paying over time (a type of credit) |
| speculation | taking a risk to make money - like buying stock! |
| buying on margin | buying stock on credit, using the stock as collateral for loan |
| flapper | nickname for the social and fashion changes for young women in the 1920s included shorter dresses, drinking, ,smoking, loose talk |
| A. Mitchell Palmer | Attorney General who led the early Red Scare of the 1920s, accused people of being communised, violated rights for search and seizure |
| Palmer Raids | raids let by A. Mitchell Palmer on suspicious communists and others with radical ideas - no search warrants |
| Scopes Trial | trial for accused Biology teacher, John Scopes who taught evolution in violation of Tenn. law, symbolized the conflict between religion and science, rural and urban, traditional v. modern |
| quota system | set number of immigrants could come to U.S. - showed our nativism, favored people from N & W Europe |
| urban | city |
| rural | country |
| Harlem Renaissance | celebration of African-American culture through arts & music like jazz, started in Harlem and spread to other cities, themes included black pride & dislike of discrimination |
| Duke Ellington | famous jazz musician of the Roaring 20s |
| Langston Hughes | famous writer/poet of the Harlem Renaissance |
| Henry Ford | merged the assembly line idea with the building of cars to create the Model T - an affordable car that everyone could own |
| Teapot Dome Scandal | corruption during the Harding administration where government land was leased out to companies based on bribes |
| Prohibition | 18th amendment ended the sale, manufacture, and transportation alcohol hoping to lessen poverty and improve social conditions. Ended with the 21st amendment after it led to new problems. |
| speakeasy | secreat illegal bar of the 1920s |
| bootlegging | smuggling of alcohol during prohibition |
| Al Capone | most famous gangster during prohibition - made money supplying alcohol |
| 18th amendment | began prohibition |
| 21st amendement | repealed 18th amendment ending prohibition |
| depression | extreme economic decline marked by high unemployment, business failures, and bank failures |
| recession | less severe economic decline with unemployment and business closures |
| Black Tuesday | the final, big crash of the Stock Market that triggered the Great Depression |
| Hooverville | shantytown of homeless people, nicknamed due the blame of the situation on President Hover |
| trickle down economics | Republican & Hoover's philosophy of stimulated the economy by helping busieness who would expand, hire workers, and get more money to the people |
| Reconstruction Finance Corporation | Hoover's attempt to help the economy by giving loans to banks, RR & insurance companies |
| Bonus Army | WWI vets who marched on Washington to get money, turned down and driven out by Hoover, hurt his popularity more |
| priming the pump | heavy, direct government involvement in the economy, stimulating the economy by putting money in the hands of people, who spend it, business expand, and hire workers (FDR & Democrats) |
| New Deal | FDR's plan to help the problems of the Great Depression |
| PWA | Public Works Administration - created jobs like construction, to give paychecks to people from the government |
| CCC | Civil Conservation Corps - rural jobs for young men, planting trees, building state parks, gave government paychecks |
| TVA | the big dam project in the Tenn. river valley, giving cheap electricty, controlling flooding, and providing jobs |
| AAA | Agricultural Adjustment Act - supposed to help farmers, part was declared unconstitutional because how it tried to use a tax |
| NRA | National Recovery Administration - was supposed to help workers during Great Depression, but part was declared unconstitutional for a violation of the separation of powers |
| fireside chats | radio addresses by FDR during the Great Depression to keep in touch with the people |
| deficit spending | FDR's method of spending money the government doesn't have (going in debt) to stimulate the economy - then the money will be recouped through taxes |
| Wagner Act | law which protected unions and required owners to sit down and negotiate with workers to settle conflicts (collective bargaining) |
| collective bargaining | negotiating work conditions between owners and union workers, now protected under the Wagner Act |
| Fair Labor Standards Act | law which helped workers by creating minimum wage and maximum hours, overtime pay |
| Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) | new government group that regulates the stock market to prevent corruption, protect consumers |
| Social Security Act | law which created social security system giving payments to elderly, disabled, and dependent people |
| Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) | government insurance program for banks, protected people's money banks by the government guaranteeing the money in the bank |
| Schechter Poultry Corp. v. U.S. | Supreme Court case that challenged FDR's New Deal National Recovery Administration - got part of the program declared unconstitutional |
| U.S. v. Butler | Supreme Court case the challenged FDR's New Deal Agricultural Adjustment Act, the use of the tax to help farmers was unfair, program declared unconstitutional |
| court packing plan (or court reform plan) | FDR's plan to add more judges to the Supreme Court so they would better support his New Deal programs, not done because it was seen as a violation of checks and balances |
| stock | investment in a business |
| collateral | something of value that secures a loan if you don't pay it back |
