| A | B |
|---|
| Reconstruction | the period of rebuilding that followed the Civil War, during which the defeated Confederate states were readmitted to the Union. |
| black codes | discriminatory laws that were enacted in many Southern States after the civil war and that severley restricted African American's lives |
| 14 amendment | (1868)-made all persons born or naturalized in the U.S.-including former slaves-citizens! |
| 15 amendment | (187)-the prohibits the denial of voting rights to people because of their race or color or because they have previously been slaves. |
| scalawag | a white Southerner who joined the Republican Party after the Civil War. |
| carpetbagger | a Northerner who moved to the south after the Civil War. |
| sharecropping | a syste in which landowners give farm workers land, seed, and tools in return for part of the crops they raise. |
| tenant farming | a system in which farm workers supply their own tools and rent farmland for cash. |
| redemption | the Southern Democrats' term for their return to power in the South in the 1870s |
| assimilation | a minority group's adoption of the beliefs and way of life of the dominant culture. |
| Dawes Act | a law, enacted in 1887, that was intended to "Amercanize" Native Americans by distributing reservation land to individual owners. |
| long drive | the moving of cattle over trails to a shipping center. |
| Bonanza farms | an enormous farm in which a single crop is grown. |
| bimentallism | the use of both gold and silver as a basis for a national monetary system |
| Bessemer process | a cheap and efficient process for makins steel, developed around 1850. |
| monopoly | a complete cintrol over an industry, acheived by buying up or driving out business all competitors. |
| trust | a method of consolidating competing companies, in which participants turn their stock over to a board of trustees, who run the companies as one large corporation. |
| scab | a person who works while others are on strike. |
| row house | a single- family dwelling that shares side walls with other, similar houses |
| dumbbell tenement | a long, narrow, five pr six-story building shaped like a barbell |
| graft | an illegal use of political influence for personal gain |
| kickback | the return of part of a payment, usually as a result of intimidation or a secret agreement. |
| political machine | an organized group that controls a political party in a city and offers services to voters and businesses in exchange for political and financial support. |
| poll tax | an annual that formerly had to be paid in some Southern states by wishing to vote. |
| progressive movement | an early 20th-century reform movemnt contorl of the government to the people, to return contol of the government to the people, to restore ecnomic opportunities, and to correct injustices in American life. |
| initiative | a procedure by which a legislature measure can be orginated by the people rather than by lawmakers |
| referendum | a procedure by which a proposed legislative measure can be submitted to a vote of the people. |
| recall | a procedure for removing a public official from office by a vote of the people. |
| 17th Amendment | (1913)-provided for the election of U.S. senators by the people rather than by state legislatures |
| NACW | National Association of Colored People |
| NAWSA | National American Woman Suffrage Association |
| suffrage | RIGHT TO VOTE :):):) |
| Federal Trade Commision | a federal agency established in 1914 to investigate and stop equality with men. |
| 19 Amendment | (1920)-Gave women the right to vote |
| Federal Reserve System | a national banking system, established in 1913, that controls the U.S. money supply and the availibility of credit in the country . |
| imperialism | the policy of extending a nation's authority over other countries by economic, political, or military means. |
| Roosevelt Corallary | an extention of the Monroe Doctrine, announced by President Roosevelt in 1904, under which the U.S. claimed the right to protect its economic interests by means of military intervention in the affairs of Western Hemisphere nations. |
| dollar diplomacy | the U.S. policy of using the nation's economic power to exert influence over other countries. |
| militarism | the policy of buliding up armed forcesin aggressive preparedness for war. |
| Allies | U.S., Great Britian, France, Russia, Italy. |
| Cental Powers | Germany, Japan, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire |
