| A | B |
|---|
| Played a key role in helping Ronald Reagan become president | New Right |
| The conservative reaction to the counterculture | helped propel Richard M. Nixon into the White House |
| Conservatives placed the blame for the increasing permissiveness in society on | campus rebels and the counterculture |
| The members of the counterculture movement were mostly | white, middle-class college youths |
| Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, Native Americans won victories in court granting them | land rights |
| Cesar Chavez's strategy for improving work conditions for farm laborers was to | form a union |
| Russell Means was a leader of | the American Indian Movement |
| During the 1960s, Cesar Chavez led a boycott against | grape growers |
| The largest Latino group in the U.S come from | Mexico |
| She opposed the Equal Rights Amendment | Phyllis Schlafly |
| This is the theory behind the women's movement | feminism |
| This was passed by Congress but was never ratified by the states | Equal Rights Amendment |
| She co-founded "Ms. Magazine" and the National Women's Political Caucus | Gloria Steinem |
| In "The Feminine Mystique", she wrote about "the problem that has no name" | Betty Friedan |
| This group was created to pursue more actively the goals of the women's movement | National Organization for Women |
| This resulted in the recognition of a woman's right to have an abortion in the first three months of pregnancy | Roe v. Wade |
| Conservative opponents of the women's movement organized this "pro family" coalition | New Right |
| He served as the U.S. top negotiator in Vietnam | Henry Kissinger |
| Angry with Nixon's secret orders to bomb and invade Cambodia, Congress repealed this | Tonkin Gulf Resolution |
| In an attempt to win support for his war policies, Nixon made a special appeal to this group | silent majority |
| Upon hearing of this, U.S. college students went on the first general student strike in the nation's history | invasion of Cambodia |
| This communist group seized power in Cambodia after the U.S. invasion of that country unleashed a brutal Civil War | Khmer Rouge |
| This murder of more that 200 innocent Vietnamese villagers by U.S. troops shocked Americans when it was finally reveled to the public | My Lai massacre |
| This requires a president to inform Congress within 48 hours if U.S. forces are sent into a hostile area without a declaration of war | War powers Act |
| Publication of this revealed, among other things, that the Johnson administration had lied to the public about its intentions in Vietnam | Pentagon papers |
| This called for a gradual withdrawal of U.S. troops in Vietnam | Vietnamization |
| After the U.S. withdrew from the Vietnam War, North and South Vietnam | continued fighting until North Vietnam emerged victorious |
| The number of American killed in Vietnam was roughly | 58,000 |
| The Pentagon Papers were leaked by former Defense Department worker | Daniel Ellsburg |
| In the 1968 presidential campaign, which of the following candidates would a dove most likely have favored. | Eugene McCarthy |
| _____ was/were most effective in convincing the American public that the war was not winnable. | The Tet Offensive |
| _____, founded by Tom Hayden and Al Haber, charged that corporations and large government institutions had taken over America. | Students for a Democratic Society |
| led the Free Speech Movement | Mario Savio |
| left the Johnson administration to head the World Bank | Robert McNamara |
| served in disproportionate numbers in Vietnam | African Americans |
| system that calls up citizens for military service | draft |
| favored a stronger military force in Vietnam | hawk |
| allowed students to put off military duty | college deferment |
| advocated U.S. withdrawal from Vietnam | dove |
| won the 1968 presidential election | Richard M. Nixon |
| 1968 Democratic presidential candidate was assassinated | Robert Kennedy |
| assassination was followed by violent riots in 130 U.S. cities | Martin Luther King Jr. |
| chosen to replace Robert McNamara as secretary of defense | Clark Clifford |
| nominated for president at the 1968 Democratic National Convention | Hubert Humphrey |
| gained popularity in the weeks following the Tet Offensive and received 42 percent of the vote in the 1968 New Hampshire Democratic primary | Eugene McCarthy |
| ran in the 1968 presidential election as a third-party candidate on a platform supporting states' rights and segregation | George Wallace |
| If one country falls to communism, others in the region will fall as well | domino theory |
| What was the main purpose of introducing the "body count"? | to persuade Americans that a Vietcong surrender was imminent |
| Which president asked Congress for the Tonkin Gulf Resolution? | Lyndon Johnson |
| _____ enabled North Vietnam to send troops to South Vietnam. | The Ho Chi Minh Trail |
| After World War II, the U.S. aided _____ in its efforts to keep control of Vietnam | France |
| _____ was the U.S's main goal in Vietnam. | Containing the spread of communism |
| Television, the worsening state of the U.S. economy, and the Fulbright hearing helped increase this | credibility gap |
| The U.S. military used planes to spray this leaf-killing toxic chemical which devastated the landscape of vietnam | Agent Orange |
| As secretary of state in the Johnson administration, he argued for U.S. escalation in Vietnam, claiming that abandoning the South Vietnamese would cause "disaster for peace" | Dean Rusk |
| To expose Vietcong tunnels and hideouts, U.S. panes dropped this gasoline-based bomb that set fire to the jungles of Vietnam | napalm |
| Conducted by U.S. soldiers, these resulted in the uprooting of Vietnamese villagers with suspected ties to the Vietcong, the killing of their livestock, and the burning of their villages | search-and-destroy missions |
| As the U.S commander in South Vietnam, this general introduced the concept of the body count in the belief that as the number of Vietcong casualties rose, the Vietcong would eventually surrender | William Westmoreland |
| This temporarily divided Vietnam along the 17th parallel | Geneva Accords |
| This granted the U.S. president broad military powers in Vietnam | Tonkin Gulf Resolution |
| This was the first extensive bombing of North Vietnam | Operation Rolling Thunder |
| When this fell to Vietnamese forces in, the French began to leave Vietnam | Dien Bien Phu |
| This was a South Vietnamese opposition group that carried out thousands of assassinations of South Vietnamese government officials | Vietcong |
| led the Indochinese Communist Party and fought French, Japanese, and U.S. forces for the independence of Vietnam | Ho CHi Minh |
| anti-Communist South Vietnam president cancelled elections that were supposed to unify Vietnam | Ngo Dinh Diem |
| South Vietnamese policy was intended to combat the growing popularity and presence of an antigovernment group in the South's countryside | strategic hamlet program |
| group formed by Vietnamese Communists and other nationalist groups in 1941, declared independence from foreign rule as its single goal | Vietminh |
| One legacy of the civil rights movement that has been challenged in recent years is _____. | affirmative action programs |
| Civil Rights leaders criticized the fact that much of the money for President Johnson's war on poverty had been redirected to fund | the Vietnam War |
| The Civil Rights Act of 1968 ended discrimination in | housing |
| The Kerner Commission blamed much of the rioting that plagued Northern cities during the mid-1960s on | white racism |
| The Civil Rights leader who preached that blacks should separate from white society was | Malcolm X |
| One accomplishment of the _____ was bringing about a federal ban on segregation in all interstate travel facilities. | freedom riders |
| Martin Luther King, Jr., was a founder and the first president of the _____. | Southern Christian Leadership Conference |
| The first organized movement by African-Americans to fight segregation was _____. | the Montgomery, Alabama, bus boycott |
| Events such as _____ helped set the stage for the civil rights movement. | better access to good jobs during World War II |
| In "Brown v. Board of Education", the doctrine of _____ relating to public education was finally overturned. | "separate but equal" |
| the main type of pressure exerted by the Montgomery Improvement Association | economic |
| the Voting Rights Act of 1965 enabled federal officials to | register voters |
| The Civil Rights Act of 1964 made segregation illegal in | public accommodations |
| What doctrine was overturned by "Brown v. Board of Ed.? | "separate but equal" |
| affirmed the legality of racial segregation and prompted the passage of Jim Crow laws | "Plessy v. Ferguson" |
| led the Freedom Summer project in Mississippi | Robert Moses |
| spoke of his dream during the March on Washington | Martin Luther King, Jr. |
| Its goal was to persuade Congress to pass Kennedy's civil rights bill. | March on Washington (1963) |
| the first African-American student to attend the University of Mississippi | James Meredith |
| By campaigning to register African-American voters, it hoped to attract national attention and influence Congress to pass a voting rights act. | Freedom Summer |
| This eliminated the literacy test and stated that federal examiners could enroll voters denied suffrage by local officials. | Voting Rights Act (1965) |
| Televised scenes of violence during this event convinced Lyndon B. Johnson to ask Congress for swift passage of a voting rights act. | Selma to Montgomery March |
| He refused federal marshals to protect the freedom riders on the last leg of their journey and to force the desegregation of the universities of Mississippi and Alabama. | John F. Kennedy |
| This is segregation that exists by law. | de jure segregation |
| Headed by Elijah Muhammad, this organization was also known as the Black Muslims. | Nation of Islam |
| He urged SNCC to stop recruiting whites and to focus on developing African-American pride. | Stokely Carmichael |
| This is segregation that exists by practice and custom, not by law. | de facto segregation |
| This political party was formed to fight against police brutality on the ghetto. | Black Panthers |
| King objected to the use of this slogan because he believed it provoked violence. | Black Power |
| The Civil Rights Act of 1875 outlawed _____. In 1853, an all-white Supreme Court declared the act unconstitutional. | segregation |
| _____, the head of the NAACP's group of lawyers, argued "Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka" before the Supreme Court. | Thurgood Marshall |
| _____ was arrested for refusing to give up a bus seat to a white man. | Rosa Parks |
| The Montgomery Improvement Association was formed to organize a _____ of Montgomery buses, and Martin Luther King, Jr. was elected its leader. | boycott |
| Following the Arkansas governor's refusal to obey the Supreme Court decision in _____, a crisis occurred in Little Rock. | Brown v. Board of Education Topeka |
| To make better use of young civil rights workers, the _____ was founded. | sit-ins |
| This created the Job Corps, VISTA, and Project Head Start | Economic Opportunity Act |
| This banned prayer in public schools and brought about change in federal and state reapportionment and the criminal justice system | The Warren Court |
| In this case, the Supreme Court established the principle of "one person, one vote" | Baker v. Carr |
| In this case, the Supreme Court ruled that all suspects must be "read their rights" before questioning | Miranda v. Arizona |
| These provided for free or low-cost medical insurance to welfare recipients and most Americans age 65 and older | Medicare and Medicaid |
| This provided federal aid to help public and parochial schools purchase textbooks and new library materials | Elementary and Secondary Education Act |
| This term refers to the way in which states redraw election districts based on the changing number of people in them | reapportionment |
| in this case, the Supreme Court required criminal courts to provide free legal counsel to those who could not afford it | Gideon v. Wainwright |
| This replaced the national origins system with a new quota system that allowed more people from outside of Europe to settle in the United States | Immigration Act of 1965 |
| This legislative program summed up President Johnson's vision for America | Great Society |
| "Unsafe at Any Speed" was a best-selling book that alleged a widespread neglect for safety in the | automobile industry |
| Medicare provided greater health benefits for | the elderly |
| In the presidential election of 1964, Lyndon Johnson won a landslide victory over | Barry Goldwater |
| President Kennedy asked Lyndon Johnson to be his running mate in 1960 in part to help him win key states in the | South |
| the main reason for the construction of the Berlin Wall | to stop the East Germans from fleeing to West Berlin |
| contributed to the end of the Cuban Missile Crisis | America's secret promise to remove missiles from Turkey |
| the main purpose of the flexible response military strategy | to enable the U.S. to fight limited wars around the world |
| The Peace Corps | proposed by Kennedy and succeeded |
| Kennedy appointed his brother, Robert, to serve as | attorney general |
| John F. Kennedy was from | Massachusetts |
| He accepted Soviet Aid for Cuba. | Fidel Castro |
| This involved invasion of Cuba. | Bay of Pigs |
| This separated East Germany from West Germany. | Berlin Wall |
| He squared off against Kennedy during the Berlin crisis. | Nikita Khrushchev |
| This barred nuclear testing in the atmosphere. | Limited Test Ban Treaty |
| This military strategy was adopted during the Kennedy presidency. | flexible response |
| This was a direct communication link set up during Kennedy's presidency. | hot line |
