| A | B |
|---|
| Prejudice | A preconceived negative judgment of a group and its individual members |
| Stereotypes | A belief about the personal attributes of a group of people. Are sometimes overgeneralized, inaccurate, and resistant to new information (and sometimes accurate) |
| Discrimination | Unjustified negative behavior toward a group or its members |
| Racism | (1) An individual’s prejudicial attitudes and discriminatory behavior toward people of a given race, or (2) institutional practices (even if not motivated by prejudice) that subordinate people of a given race |
| Sexism | (1) An individual’s prejudicial attitudes and discriminatory behavior toward people of a given sex, or (2) institutional practices (even if not motivated by prejudice) that subordinate people of a given sex |
| Social Dominance Orientation | A motivation to have one’s group dominate other social groups |
| Ethnocentric | Believing in the superiority of ones own ethnic and cultural group, and having a corresponding disdain for all other groups |
| Authoritarian Personality | A personality that is disposed to favor obedience to authority and intolerance of outgroups and those lower in status |
| Realistic Group Conflict Theory | The theory that prejudice arises from competition b/w groups for scarce resources |
| Social Identity | The “we” aspect of our self-concept; the part of our answer to “Who am I?” that comes from our group memberships |
| Ingroup | "Us” a group of people who share a sense of belonging, a feeling of common identity |
| Outgroup | "Them” a group that people perceive as distinctively different from or apart from their ingroup |
| Terror Management | According to “terror management theory” people’s self-protective emotional and cognitive responses (including adhering more strongly to their cultural worldviews and prejudices) when confronted w/ reminders of their mortality |
| Outgroup Homogeneity Effect | Perception of outgroup members as more similar to one another than are ingroup members |
| Own-Race Bias | The tendency for people to more accurately recognize faces of their own race |
| Stigma Consciousness | A person’s expectations of being victimized by prejudice or discrimination |
| Group-Serving Bias | Explaining away outgroup members’ positive behaviors; also attributing negative behaviors to their dispositions (while excusing such behavior by one’s own group) |
| Just-World Phenomenon | The tendency of people to believe that the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get |
| Subtyping | Accommodating individuals who deviate from one’s stereotype by thinking of them as “exceptions to the rule” |
| Subgrouping | Accommodating individuals who deviate from one’s stereotype by forming a new stereotype about this subset of the group |
| Stereotype Threat | A disruptive concern, when facing a negative stereotype, that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype. Unlike self-fulfilling prophecies that hammer one’s self-concept, stereotype threat situations have immediate effects |
